碧海藍天的步進電機控制程序采用定時器TIM3來控制PWM的輸出來產生頻率變化的脈沖。
過程：加速——勻速——減速——停止
文件：stepmotor.c 定義步進電機控制程序
//用到的tim2為了實現另外的功能可以忽視
#include "stepmotor.h"
#include
u32 PUL_CNT; // TIM3脈沖計數
vu32 step_done;
vu32 run_state;
#define run_state_stop 0
#define run_state_acc 1
#define run_state_run 2
#define run_state_dec 3
void STEPMOTOR_CTRL_INIT(void)
{
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;
TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDef TIM_TimeBaseStructure;
TIM_OCInitTypeDef TIM_OCInitStructure;
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE); //GPIO時鐘使能
RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_TIM3, ENABLE); //定時器3時鐘使能
//RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_TIM2, ENABLE); //定時器2時鐘使能
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_7; //PA7為TIM3通道2
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP; //復用推免輸出
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz; //GPIO口響應速度
GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_6; //PA6為DIR控制輸出
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_PP; //推免輸出
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz; //GPIO口響應速度
GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
//TIM3_Configuration
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Period = 23999; //自動重裝載寄存器
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Prescaler = 2; //預分頻器,t=(23999+1)*(2+1)/72M
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_CounterMode = TIM_CounterMode_Up; //計數器向上計數模式
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_ClockDivision = 0x0; //時鐘分頻因子
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_RepetitionCounter = 0x0; //每次溢出都產生事件更新
TIM_TimeBaseInit(TIM3,&TIM_TimeBaseStructure); //寫TIM3各寄存器參數
TIM_ClearFlag(TIM3,TIM_FLAG_Update); //中斷標志位清零
TIM_ITConfig(TIM3,TIM_IT_Update,ENABLE); //允許捕獲/比較3中斷
TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCMode = TIM_OCMode_PWM2; //PWM模式2 TIM3_CCMR1[14:12]=111 在向上計數時，一旦TIMx_CNT
TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OutputState = TIM_OutputState_Enable; //輸入/捕獲2輸出允許
TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_Pulse = 40; //確定占空比，這個值決定了有效電平的時間。
TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCPolarity = TIM_OCPolarity_Low; //輸出極性,低電平有效
TIM_OC2Init(TIM3, &TIM_OCInitStructure); //配置定時器輸出模式,比較參數等
TIM_OC2PreloadConfig(TIM3, TIM_OCPreload_Enable); //使能TIM3在CCR2上的預裝載寄存器
//TIM2_Configuration
TIM_DeInit(TIM2); //TIM2重新配置為缺省值，默認狀態
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Period = 359; //自動重裝載寄存器
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Prescaler = 199; //時鐘預分頻器
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_CounterMode = TIM_CounterMode_Up; //計數器向上計數模式
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_ClockDivision = 0x0; //時鐘分頻因子
TIM_TimeBaseInit(TIM2,&TIM_TimeBaseStructure); //配置TIM2寄存器各參數
TIM_ClearFlag(TIM2,TIM_FLAG_Update); //中斷標志位清零
TIM_ITConfig(TIM2,TIM_IT_Update,ENABLE); //允許捕獲/比較2中斷
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = TIM3_IRQn ; //選擇定時器TIM3
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 1; //選擇搶先式優先級（與中斷嵌套級別有關）
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 2; //選擇子優先級（同搶先式優先級的響應順序）
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE; //選擇使能中斷源
NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = TIM2_IRQn ; //選擇定時器TIM2
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 1; //選擇搶先式優先級（與中斷嵌套級別有關）
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 3; //選擇子優先級（同搶先式優先級的響應順序）
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE; //選擇使能中斷源
NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);
}
void TIM3_Configuration(u32 period)
{
TIM3->ARR = period-1;
TIM3->CCR2 = period >> 2;
//TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDef TIM_TimeBaseStructure;
//TIM_OCInitTypeDef TIM_OCInitStructure;
//TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Period = period-1; //自動重裝載寄存器
//TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Prescaler = 29; //預分頻器,f=72M/[(period+1)*(29+1)], ft = 2400000
//TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_CounterMode = TIM_CounterMode_Up; //計數器向上計數模式
//TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_ClockDivision = 0x0; //時鐘分頻因子
//TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_RepetitionCounter = 0x0; //每次溢出都產生事件更新
//TIM_TimeBaseInit(TIM3,&TIM_TimeBaseStructure); //寫TIM3各寄存器參數
//TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCMode = TIM_OCMode_PWM2; //PWM模式2 TIM3_CCMR1[14:12]=111 在向上計數時，一旦TIMx_CNT
//TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OutputState = TIM_OutputState_Enable; //輸入/捕獲2輸出允許
//TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_Pulse = period >> 2; //確定占空比，25%
//TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCPolarity = TIM_OCPolarity_Low; //輸出極性,低電平有效
//TIM_OC2Init(TIM3, &TIM_OCInitStructure); //配置定時器輸出模式,比較參數等
}
//void MOTOR_RUN(u32 acc, u32 dec, u32 topspeed, u32 dis)
//步進電機運行參數
//acc -- 加速度,單位: round/min/s
//dec -- 減速度,單位: round/min/s
//topspeed -- 最高速度,單位: round/min
//dis -- 總角位移,單位: round/10000
void MOTOR_RUN(u32 acc, u32 dec, u32 topspeed, u32 dis)
{
u32 t_acc,t_dec,step_all,step_acc,step_dec,step_run;
u32 i,tim_cnt,tim_rest,tim_cnt_temp;
step_all = (float)dis * (N_MOTOR * 0.0001);
t_acc = topspeed * 1000 / acc; //unit: ms
t_dec = topspeed * 1000 / dec; //unit: ms
if(topspeed * (t_acc + t_dec) / 12 > dis) //達不到最高速度 // topspeed/60/1000 * (t_acc + t_dec) / 2 > dis / 10000
{
topspeed = sqrt(dis * acc * dec * 12 / (acc + dec) / 1000);
t_acc = topspeed * 1000 / acc; //unit: ms
t_dec = topspeed * 1000 / dec; //unit: ms
}
step_acc = N_MOTOR * ((float)topspeed*topspeed/(acc*120));
step_dec = N_MOTOR * ((float)topspeed*topspeed/(dec*120));
if(step_all > step_acc + step_dec)
step_run = step_all - step_acc - step_dec;
else
step_run = 0;
//tim_cnt = 5.2363 * ft / (sqrt(acc*N_MOTOR/2)); //(ft * sqrt(60)*0.676) / sqrt(acc*N_MOTOR/2);
tim_cnt = 7.7460 * ft / (sqrt(acc*N_MOTOR/2));
tim_rest = 0;
i = 0;
TIM3_Configuration(tim_cnt);
run_state = run_state_acc;
TIM_Cmd(TIM3,ENABLE);
step_done = 0;
while(step_done==0);
while(i
{
i++;
//tim_cnt_temp = tim_cnt;
//tim_cnt = tim_cnt - (2*tim_cnt+tim_rest) / (4*i+1);
//tim_rest = (2*tim_cnt_temp+tim_rest) % (4*i+1);
tim_cnt_temp = tim_cnt / ( sqrt((float)(i+1)) + sqrt((float)(i)) );
TIM3_Configuration(tim_cnt_temp);
step_done = 0;
while(step_done==0);
}
if(step_run > 0)
{
run_state = run_state_run;
tim_cnt = ft * 60 / (N_MOTOR*topspeed);
i = 0;
TIM3_Configuration(tim_cnt);
while(i
{
step_done = 0;
while(step_done==0);
i++;
}
}
run_state = run_state_dec;
tim_rest = 0;
i=0;
tim_cnt = tim_cnt + (2*tim_cnt+tim_rest) / (4*(step_dec-i)-1);
while(i
{
TIM3_Configuration(tim_cnt);
step_done = 0;
while(step_done==0);
i++;
tim_cnt_temp = tim_cnt;
tim_cnt = tim_cnt + (2*tim_cnt+tim_rest) / (4*(step_dec-i)-1);
tim_rest = (2*tim_cnt_temp+tim_rest) % (4*(step_dec-i)-1);
}
run_state = run_state_stop;
TIM_Cmd(TIM3,DISABLE);
}
void TIM2_IRQHandler(void)
{
}
void TIM3_IRQHandler(void)
{
TIM_ClearFlag(TIM3,TIM_FLAG_Update);
step_done = 1;
//PUL_CNT++;
}
文件：stepmotor.h 聲明步進電機控制頭文件
#define N_MOTOR 10000 //步進電機細分
#define ft 24000000
void STEPMOTOR_CTRL_INIT(void);
void MOTOR_RUN(u32 acc, u32 dec, u32 topspeed, u32 dis);
文件：main.c 主函數，設置加速度，減速度，最大速度和步數的參數值
#include "main.h"
#define LED_SET() GPIO_SetBits(GPIOB,GPIO_Pin_8)
#define LED_RST() GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOB,GPIO_Pin_8)
#define SET_DIR_CW() GPIO_SetBits(GPIOA,GPIO_Pin_6)
#define SET_DIR_CCW() GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOA,GPIO_Pin_6)
void NVIC_Configuration(void);
void LED_init(void);
void soft_delayms(u16 t);
int main(void)
{
SystemInit();
STEPMOTOR_CTRL_INIT();
soft_delayms(1000);
while(1)
{
SET_DIR_CW();
MOTOR_RUN(600,600,1000,500000);
soft_delayms(1000);
SET_DIR_CCW();
MOTOR_RUN(600,600,1000,500000);
soft_delayms(1000);
}
return 0;
}
void NVIC_Configuration(void)
{
NVIC_SetVectorTable(NVIC_VectTab_FLASH, 0x0000); //將中斷矢量放到Flash的0地址
NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_1); //設置優先級配置的模式，詳情請閱讀原材料中的文章
}
void LED_init(void)
{
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct;
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB,ENABLE);
GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_PP;
GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_8;
GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_2MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStruct);
}
void soft_delayms(u16 t)
{
u16 tt;
while(t--)
{
tt = 10000;
while(tt--);
}
}
#ifndef _MAIN_H
#define _MAIN_H
#include "stm32f10x.h"
#include "stepmotor.h"
#endif
