;說(shuō)明：本人的這個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)改進(jìn)后解決了前一個(gè)版本中1號(hào)搶答優(yōu)先的問(wèn)題，并增加了錦囊的設(shè)置，當(dāng)參賽選手在回答問(wèn)題時(shí)要求使用錦囊，則主持人按下?lián)尨痖_(kāi)始鍵，計(jì)時(shí)重新開(kāi)始。
;八路搶答器電路請(qǐng)看下圖是用ps仿真的，已經(jīng)測(cè)試成功
<單片機(jī)八路搶答器電路圖>
;============================================================
;================單片機(jī)八路搶答器程序 =====================
;================ 51hei =======================
;================ 2008 年 5月 =======================
;============================================================
OK EQU 20H;搶答開(kāi)始標(biāo)志位
RING EQU 22H;響鈴標(biāo)志位
ORG 0000H
AJMP MAIN
ORG 0003H
AJMP INT0SUB
ORG 000BH
AJMP T0INT
ORG 0013H
AJMP INT1SUB
ORG 001BH
AJMP T1INT
ORG 0040H
MAIN: MOV R1,#30;初設(shè)搶答時(shí)間為30s
MOV R2,#60;初設(shè)答題時(shí)間為60s
MOV TMOD,#11H;設(shè)置未定時(shí)器/模式1
MOV TH0,#0F0H
MOV TL0,#0FFH;越高發(fā)聲頻率越高,越尖
MOV TH1,#3CH
MOV TL1,#0B0H;50ms為一次溢出中斷
SETB EA
SETB ET0
SETB ET1
SETB EX0
SETB EX1;允許四個(gè)中斷,T0/T1/INT0/INT1
CLR OK
CLR RING
SETB TR1
SETB TR0;一開(kāi)始就運(yùn)行定時(shí)器,以開(kāi)始顯示FFF.如果想重新計(jì)數(shù),重置TH1/TL1就可以了
;=====查詢程序=====
START: MOV R5,#0BH
MOV R4,#0BH
MOV R3,#0BH
ACALL DISPLAY;未開(kāi)始搶答時(shí)候顯示FFF
JB P3.0,NEXT;ddddddd
ACALL DELAY
JB P3.0,NEXT;去抖動(dòng),如果"開(kāi)始鍵"按下就向下執(zhí)行,否者跳到非法搶答查詢
ACALL BARK;按鍵發(fā)聲
MOV A,R1
MOV R6,A;送R1->R6,因?yàn)镽1中保存了搶答時(shí)間
SETB OK;搶答標(biāo)志位,用于COUNT只程序中判斷是否查詢搶答
MOV R7,#01H ;讀搶答鍵數(shù)據(jù)信號(hào)標(biāo)志，這里表示只讀一次有用信號(hào)
MOV R3,#0AH;搶答只顯示計(jì)時(shí),滅號(hào)數(shù)
AJMP COUNT;進(jìn)入倒計(jì)時(shí)程序,"查詢有效搶答的程序"在COUNT里面
NEXT: JNB P1.0,FALSE1
JNB P1.1,FALSE2
JNB P1.2,FALSE3
JNB P1.3,FALSE4
JNB P1.4,FALSE5
JNB P1.5,FALSE6
JNB P1.6,FALSE7
JNB P1.7,FALSE8
AJMP START
;=====非法搶答處理程序=====
FALSE1: MOV R3,#01H
AJMP ERROR
FALSE2: MOV R3,#02H
AJMP ERROR
FALSE3: MOV R3,#03H
AJMP ERROR
FALSE4: MOV R3,#04H
AJMP ERROR
FALSE5: MOV R3,#05H
AJMP ERROR
FALSE6: MOV R3,#06H
AJMP ERROR
FALSE7: MOV R3,#07H
AJMP ERROR
FALSE8: MOV R3,#08H
AJMP ERROR
;=====INT0(搶答時(shí)間R1調(diào)整程序)=====
INT0SUB:MOV A,R1
MOV B,#0AH
DIV AB
MOV R5,A
MOV R4,B
MOV R3,#0AH
ACALL DISPLAY;先在兩個(gè)時(shí)間LED上顯示R1
JNB P3.4,INC0;P3.4為+1s鍵,如按下跳到INCO
JNB P3.5,DEC0;P3.5為-1s鍵,如按下跳到DECO
JNB P3.1,BACK0;P3.1為確定鍵,如按下跳到BACKO
AJMP INT0SUB
INC0: MOV A,R1
CJNE A,#63H,ADD0;如果不是99,R2加1,如果加到99,R1就置0，重新加起。
MOV R1,#00H
ACALL DELAY1
AJMP INT0SUB
ADD0: INC R1
ACALL DELAY1
AJMP INT0SUB
DEC0: MOV A,R1
JZ SETR1;如果R1為0, R1就置99，
DEC R1
ACALL DELAY1
AJMP INT0SUB
SETR1: MOV R1,#63H
ACALL DELAY1
AJMP INT0SUB
BACK0: RETI
;=====INT1(回答時(shí)間R2調(diào)整程序)=====
INT1SUB:MOV A,R2
MOV B,#0AH
DIV AB
MOV R5,A
MOV R4,B
MOV R3,#0AH
ACALL DISPLAY
JNB P3.4,INC1
JNB P3.5,DEC1
JNB P3.1,BACK1
AJMP INT1SUB
INC1: MOV A,R2
CJNE A,#63H,ADD1
MOV R2,#00H
ACALL DELAY1
AJMP INT1SUB
ADD1: INC R2
ACALL DELAY1
AJMP INT1SUB
DEC1: MOV A,R2
JZ SETR2
DEC R2
ACALL DELAY1
AJMP INT1SUB
SETR2: MOV R2,#63H
ACALL DELAY1
AJMP INT1SUB
BACK1: RETI
;=====倒計(jì)時(shí)程序(搶答倒計(jì)時(shí)和回答倒計(jì)時(shí)都跳到改程序)=====
REPEAT:MOV A,R2 ;使用錦囊時(shí)重新計(jì)時(shí)
MOV R6,A
CLR RING
COUNT: MOV R0,#00H;重置定時(shí)器中斷次數(shù)
MOV TH1,#3CH
MOV TL1,#0B0H;重置定時(shí)器
RECOUNT:MOV A,R6;R6保存了倒計(jì)時(shí)的時(shí)間,之前先將搶答時(shí)間或回答時(shí)間給R6
MOV B,#0AH
DIV AB;除十分出個(gè)位/十位
MOV 30H,A;十位存于(30H)
MOV 31H,B;個(gè)位存于(31H)
MOV R5,30H;取十位
MOV R4,31H;取個(gè)位
MOV A,R6
SUBB A,#07H
JNC LARGER;大于5s跳到LARGER,小于等于5s會(huì)提醒
MOV A,R0
CJNE A,#0AH,FULL;1s中0.5s向下運(yùn)行
CLR RING
AJMP CHECK
FULL: CJNE A,#14H,CHECK;下面是1s的情況,響并顯示號(hào)數(shù)并清R0,重新計(jì)
SETB RING
MOV A,R6
JZ QUIT;計(jì)時(shí)完畢
MOV R0,#00H
DEC R6;一秒標(biāo)志減1
AJMP CHECK
LARGER: MOV A,R0
CJNE A,#14H,CHECK;如果1s向下運(yùn)行,否者跳到查"停/顯示"
DEC R6;計(jì)時(shí)一秒R6自動(dòng)減1
MOV R0,#00H
CHECK: JNB P3.1,QUIT;如按下停止鍵退出
JNB OK,CHECKK ;只在回答倒計(jì)時(shí)才有效
AJMP NEXTT
CHECKK:JNB P3.0,REPEAT ;判斷是否使用錦囊
NEXTT: ACALL DISPLAY
JB OK,ACCOUT;如果是搶答倒計(jì)時(shí),如是則查詢搶答,否者跳過(guò)查詢繼續(xù)倒數(shù)(這里起到鎖搶答作用)
AJMP RECOUNT
ACCOUT:
MOV A,36H
JNB ACC.0,TRUE1
JNB ACC.1,TRUE2
JNB ACC.2,TRUE3
JNB ACC.3,TRUE4
JNB ACC.4,TRUE5
JNB ACC.5,TRUE6
JNB ACC.6,TZ1
JNB ACC.7,TZ2
AJMP RECOUNT
TZ1:JMP TRUE7
TZ2:JMP TRUE8
QUIT: CLR OK;如果按下了"停止鍵"執(zhí)行的程序
CLR RING
AJMP START
;=====正常搶答處理程序=====
TRUE1: ACALL BARK
MOV A,R2
MOV R6,A;搶答時(shí)間R2送R6
MOV R3,#01H
CLR OK;因?yàn)榇痤}的計(jì)時(shí)不再查詢搶答,所以就鎖了搶答
AJMP COUNT
TRUE2:ACALL BARK
MOV A,R2
MOV R6,A
MOV R3,#02H
CLR OK
AJMP COUNT
TRUE3:ACALL BARK
MOV A,R2
MOV R6,A
MOV R3,#03H
CLR OK
AJMP COUNT
TRUE4:ACALL BARK
MOV A,R2
MOV R6,A
MOV R3,#04H
CLR OK
AJMP COUNT
TRUE5:ACALL BARK
MOV A,R2
MOV R6,A
MOV R3,#05H
CLR OK
AJMP COUNT
TRUE6: ACALL BARK
MOV A,R2
MOV R6,A
MOV R3,#06H
CLR OK
AJMP COUNT
TRUE7:ACALL BARK
MOV A,R2
MOV R6,A
MOV R3,#07H
CLR OK
AJMP COUNT
TRUE8:ACALL BARK
MOV A,R2
MOV R6,A
MOV R3,#08H
CLR OK
AJMP COUNT
;=====犯規(guī)搶答程序=====
ERROR: MOV R0,#00H
MOV TH1,#3CH
MOV TL1,#0B0H
MOV 34H,R3;犯規(guī)號(hào)數(shù)暫存與(34H)
HERE: MOV A,R0
CJNE A,#06H,FLASH;0.3s向下運(yùn)行->滅并停響
CLR RING
MOV R3,#0AH
MOV R4,#0AH
MOV R5,#0AH;三燈全滅
AJMP CHECK1
FLASH: CJNE A,#0CH,CHECK1;下面是0.8s的情況,響并顯示號(hào)數(shù)并清R0,重新計(jì)
SETB RING
MOV R0,#00H
MOV R3,34H;取回號(hào)數(shù)
MOV R5,#0BH
MOV R4,#0BH;顯示FF和號(hào)數(shù)
AJMP CHECK1
CHECK1: JNB P3.1,QUIT1
ACALL DISPLAY
AJMP HERE
QUIT1: CLR RING
CLR OK
AJMP START
;=====顯示程序=====
DISPLAY:MOV DPTR,#DAT1;查表顯示程序,利用P0口做段選碼口輸出/P2低三位做位選碼輸出,
MOV A,R3
MOVC A,@A+DPTR
MOV P2,#0feH
MOV P0,A
ACALL DELAY2
MOV DPTR,#DAT2
MOV A,R5
MOVC A,@A+DPTR
MOV P2,#0fdH
MOV P0,A
ACALL DELAY2
MOV A,R4
MOVC A,@A+DPTR
MOV P2,#0fbH
MOV P0,A
ACALL DELAY2
RET
DAT1:DB 00h,06h,5bh,4fh,66h,6dh,7dh,07h,7fh,6fh,00H,71H
;"滅","1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9","滅","F"
DAT2:DB 3fh,06h,5bh,4fh,66h,6dh,7dh,07h,7fh,6fh,00H,71H
;第一個(gè)為零,其他與上相同,因?yàn)槭蝗绻麨榱泔@示熄滅
;====加減時(shí)間延時(shí)(起到不會(huì)按下就加N個(gè)數(shù))======
DELAY1: MOV 35H,#08H
LOOP0: ACALL DISPLAY
DJNZ 35H,LOOP0
RET
;=====延時(shí)4236個(gè)機(jī)器周期(去抖動(dòng)用到)=====
DELAY: MOV 32H,#12H
LOOP: MOV 33H,#0AFH
LOOP1: DJNZ 33H,LOOP1
DJNZ 32H,LOOP
RET
;=====延時(shí)4236個(gè)機(jī)器周期(顯示用到)=====
DELAY2: MOV 32H,#43H
LOOP3: MOV 33H,#1EH
MOV A,R7 ;每隔60~70個(gè)機(jī)器周期讀一次P1口,全為1時(shí)為無(wú)效數(shù)據(jù),繼續(xù)讀,有一個(gè)不為1時(shí),轉(zhuǎn)到正常搶答處理
JNZ AAAA1 ;沒(méi)讀到有效數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)繼續(xù)轉(zhuǎn)到AAAA1
LOOP2: DJNZ 33H,LOOP2
DJNZ 32H,LOOP3
RET
;=====讀搶答按鍵數(shù)據(jù)口程序=====
;由于在讀搶答數(shù)據(jù)口的時(shí)候，單片機(jī)首先進(jìn)入倒計(jì)時(shí)程序，再調(diào)用顯示程序，最后才檢測(cè)按鍵口
;然而在檢測(cè)按鍵口時(shí)動(dòng)態(tài)掃描要調(diào)用三次(4ms)延時(shí)程序.這樣就會(huì)導(dǎo)致讀數(shù)據(jù)口出現(xiàn)滯后,造成1號(hào)優(yōu)先最高.8號(hào)最低.
;故采用在延時(shí)子程序中加了讀數(shù)據(jù)口程序.保證了靈敏度和可靠性
AAAA1: MOV A,P1
CJNE A,#0FFH,AA1 ;當(dāng)不全為1時(shí)的數(shù)據(jù)為有效數(shù)據(jù)
AA0: MOV 36H,A ;將有效數(shù)據(jù)送到36H暫存
AJMP LOOP2
AA1: DEC R7
AJMP AA0
;=====發(fā)聲程序=====
BARK: SETB RING
ACALL DELAY1
ACALL DELAY1
CLR RING;按鍵發(fā)聲
RET
;=====TO溢出中斷(響鈴程序)=====
T0INT: MOV TH0,#0ECH
MOV TL0,#0FFH
JNB RING,OUT;
CPL P3.6;RING標(biāo)志位為1時(shí)候P3.6口不短取反使喇叭發(fā)出一定頻率的聲音
OUT: RETI
;=====T1溢出中斷(計(jì)時(shí)程序)=====
T1INT: MOV TH1,#3CH
MOV TL1,#0B0H
INC R0
RETI
END
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