求大俠幫忙有關單片機數據類型的困惑

ID:160658 · 發表于 2017-10-21 10:22

做了一個單片機按鍵控制步進電機程序，將addendt和num定義為int或long型，均不能正常工作，定義為char型，沒問題。求大俠給予指導，在下先謝了！！

代碼如下：

#include<reg52.h>
sbit KEYIN_4 = P2^7; //矩陣鍵盤
sbit KEYIN_3 = P2^6;
sbit KEYIN_2 = P2^5;
sbit KEYIN_1 = P2^4;
sbit KEYOUT_1 = P2^3;
sbit KEYOUT_2 = P2^2;
sbit KEYOUT_3 = P2^1;
sbit KEYOUT_4 = P2^0;
sbit ADDR0 = P1^0; //三八譯碼器選通
sbit ADDR1 = P1^1;
sbit ADDR2 = P1^2;
sbit ADDR3 = P1^3;
sbit ENLED = P1^4;
unsigned char code KeyCodeMap[4][4] = { //矩陣按鍵編號到標準鍵盤鍵碼的映射表
{ 0x31, 0x32, 0x33, 0x26 }, //數字鍵 1、數字鍵 2、數字鍵 3、向上鍵
{ 0x34, 0x35, 0x36, 0x25 }, //數字鍵 4、數字鍵 5、數字鍵 6、向左鍵
{ 0x37, 0x38, 0x39, 0x28 }, //數字鍵 7、數字鍵 8、數字鍵 9、向下鍵
{ 0x30, 0x1B, 0x0D, 0x27 } //數字鍵 0、ESC 鍵、回車鍵、向右鍵
};
unsigned char code BeatCode[8] = { //步進電機節拍對應的 IO 控制代碼
0xE, 0xC, 0xD, 0x9, 0xB, 0x3, 0x7, 0x6};
unsigned char code LedChar[] = {
0xC0, 0xF9, 0xA4, 0xB0, 0x99, 0x92, 0x82, 0xF8,
0x80, 0x90, 0x88, 0x83, 0xC6, 0xA1, 0x86, 0x8E};
unsigned char LedBuff[6] = {0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF};
unsigned char KeySta[4][4] = {
{1,1,1,1}, {1,1,1,1}, {1,1,1,1}, {1,1,1,1}};
signed long beats = 0; //電機總節拍數
bit dir = 0; //電機正反轉標志
void KeyDriver();
void main()
{
EA = 1;
ENLED = 0;
ADDR3 = 1;
LedBuff[0] = LedChar[0];
TMOD = 0x01;
TH0 = 0xFC;
TL0 = 0x67;
ET0 = 1;
TR0 = 1;
while(1)
{
KeyDriver();
}
}
void ShowNumber(unsigned char num) //數碼管顯示函數
{
signed char i;
unsigned char buf[6];
for(i=0; i<3; i++) //分離轉動圈數暫存
{
buf[i] = num % 10;
num = num / 10;
}
for(i=3; i>=1; i--) //高位是零不顯示
{
if(buf[i] == 0)
LedBuff[i] = 0xFF;
else
break;
}
if(dir != 0) //反轉時圈數前面加負號
{
if(i < 3)
LedBuff[i+1] = 0xBF;
}
for( ; i>=0; i--) //顯示電機轉動圈數
LedBuff[i] = LedChar[buf[i]];
}
void StartMotor(signed long angle) //電機啟動函數
{
EA = 0;
beats = angle * 4076 / 360;
EA = 1;
}
void StopMotor() //電機停止函數
{
beats = 0;
}
void KeyAction(unsigned char keycode) //按鍵動作函數
{
static unsigned char addend = 0;
if((keycode >= 0x30) && (keycode <= 0x39))
{
addend = (addend * 10) + (keycode - 0x30);
if(addend > 90)
addend = 0;
ShowNumber(addend);
}
else if(keycode == 0x26)
{
dir = 0;
ShowNumber(addend);
}
else if(keycode == 0x28)
{
dir = 1;
ShowNumber(addend);
}
else if(keycode == 0x25)
StartMotor(90);
else if(keycode == 0x27)
StartMotor(-90);
else if(keycode == 0x0D)
{
if(dir == 0)
{
StartMotor(360 * addend);
}
else
{
StartMotor(- 360 * addend);
}
}
else if(keycode == 0x1B)
{
StopMotor();
addend = 0;
ShowNumber(addend);
}
}
void KeyDriver() //按鍵驅動函數
{
unsigned char i, j;
static unsigned char backup[4][4] = {
{1,1,1,1}, {1,1,1,1}, {1,1,1,1}, {1,1,1,1}};
for(i=0; i<4; i++)
{
for(j=0; j<4; j++)
{
if(KeySta[i][j] != backup[i][j])
{
if(backup[i][j] == 0)
{
KeyAction(KeyCodeMap[i][j]);
}
backup[i][j] = KeySta[i][j];
}
}
}
}
void KeyScan() //按鍵掃描函數
{
unsigned char i;
unsigned char keybuf[4][4];
static unsigned char keyout = 0;
keybuf[keyout][0] = (keybuf[keyout][0] << 1) | KEYIN_1;
keybuf[keyout][1] = (keybuf[keyout][1] << 1) | KEYIN_2;
keybuf[keyout][2] = (keybuf[keyout][2] << 1) | KEYIN_3;
keybuf[keyout][3] = (keybuf[keyout][3] << 1) | KEYIN_4;
for(i=0; i<4; i++)
{
if((keybuf[keyout][i] & 0x0F) == 0x0F)
KeySta[keyout][i] = 1;
else if((keybuf[keyout][i] & 0x0F) == 0x00)
KeySta[keyout][i] = 0;
}
keyout++;
keyout = keyout & 0x3;
switch(keyout)
{
case 0: KEYOUT_4 = 1; KEYOUT_1 = 0; break;
case 1: KEYOUT_1 = 1; KEYOUT_2 = 0; break;
case 2: KEYOUT_2 = 1; KEYOUT_3 = 0; break;
case 3: KEYOUT_3 = 1; KEYOUT_4 = 0; break;
default: break;
}
}
void LedScan() //數碼管掃描函數
{
static unsigned char i = 0;
P0 = 0xFF;
P1 = (P1 & 0xF8) | i;
P0 = LedBuff[i];
if(i < 5)
i++;
else
i = 0;
}
void TurnMotor() //電機運轉函數
{
unsigned char tmp;
static unsigned char index = 0;
if(beats != 0)
{
if(beats > 0)
{
index++;
index = index & 0x7;
beats--;
}
else
{
index--;
index = index & 0x7;
beats++;
}
tmp = P3;
tmp = (tmp & 0xF0) | BeatCode[index];
P3 = tmp;
}
else
P3 = P3 | 0x0F;
}
void Timer0() interrupt 1
{
static bit div = 0;
TH0 = 0xFC;
TL0 = 0x67;
KeyScan();
LedScan();
div = ~div;
if(div)
{
TurnMotor();
}
}

復制代碼

ID:160658 · 發表于 2017-10-21 22:28

自己頂頂頂

ID:160658 · 發表于 2017-10-21 22:29

大俠們出來幫幫忙吧

ID:160658 · 發表于 2017-10-21 22:34

自己不可頂嗎？

ID:89445 · 發表于 2017-10-21 22:49

數碼管顯示函數buf是char類型求組，把num定義成int類型不能計算吧，除非強制轉換類型。

ID:239611 · 發表于 2017-10-22 11:07

我感覺樓上說的對，buf = num % 10;這句話等號兩邊的數據類型不一樣，需要對等號右邊的運算結果進行強制類型轉換，你可以試一下。

ID:221874 · 發表于 2017-10-22 17:45

前后數據類型不一致，需要轉換即可

ID:160658 · 發表于 2017-10-23 18:55

但下面這個函數可以正常顯示，為什么

void ShowNumber(unsigned long num)
{
signed char i;
unsigned char buf[6];

for (i=0; i<6; i++)
{
      buf[i] = num % 10;
      num = num / 10;
}
for (i=5; i>=1; i--) //從最高位起
{
      if (buf[i] == 0)
         LedBuff[i] = 0xFF;
      else
         break;
}
for ( ; i>=0; i--)
{
      LedBuff[i] = LedChar[buf[i]];
}
}

ID:160658 · 發表于 2017-10-29 09:46

還有人能解釋嗎？困惑中。。。。

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求大俠幫忙有關單片機數據類型的困惑