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分析ARM7（stm32）的啟動方法

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ID:85109 發表于 2015-7-8 21:47 | 只看該作者 回帖獎勵 |倒序瀏覽 |閱讀模式
對于stm32f407有一下代碼
Reset_Handler    PROC
               EXPORT Reset_Handler           [WEAK]
       IMPORT  SystemInit
       IMPORT  __main

               LDR    R0, =SystemInit
               BLX    R0
               LDR    R0, =__main

1、這是從startup_stm32f4xx.s里面獲取的一段，那么從這一段我們知道是要先進行時鐘的初始化，然后再進入主函數。其中時鐘初始化SystemInit（）在system_stm32f4xx.c當中，主函數是我們自己寫的intmain()

那么問題來了
對于stm32f103有startup_stm32f10x_hd.s，startup_stm32f10x_cl.s,startup_stm32f10x_md.s之分。我用什么來比較合適呢？

[size=14.399999618530273px]整體感覺stm32給的庫文件太瑣碎了，正如它的芯片型號一樣繁多，例如啟動文件：

[size=14.399999618530273px]網上查到的各個文件的解釋是：

[size=14.399999618530273px]startup_stm32f10x_cl.s 互聯型的器件，STM32F105xx，STM32F107xx
startup_stm32f10x_hd.s大容量的STM32F101xx，STM32F102xx，STM32F103xx
startup_stm32f10x_hd_vl.s 大容量的STM32F100xx
startup_stm32f10x_ld.s小容量的STM32F101xx，STM32F102xx，STM32F103xx
startup_stm32f10x_ld_vl.s 小容量的STM32F100xx
startup_stm32f10x_md.s中容量的STM32F101xx，STM32F102xx，STM32F103xx
startup_stm32f10x_md_vl.s 中容量的STM32F100xx
startup_stm32f10x_xl.sFLASH在512K到1024K字節的STM32F101xx，STM32F102xx，STM32F103xx

[size=14.399999618530273px]固件庫中的Release_Notes_for_STM32F10x_CMSIS.html寫到：

[size=14.399999618530273px]STM32F10x CMSIS Startup files: startup_stm32f10x_xx.s

  • Add new startup files for STM32 Low-density Value line devices:startup_stm32f10x_ld_vl.s
  • Add new startup files for STM32 Medium-density Value line devices:startup_stm32f10x_md_vl.s
  • SystemInit() function is called from startup file(startup_stm32f10x_xx.s) before to branch to applicationmain.
    To reconfigure the default setting of SystemInit() function, referto system_stm32f10x.c file
  • GNU startup file for Low density devices (startup_stm32f10x_ld.s)is updated to fix compilation errors.那到底啥是大容量，小容量啊？又查user manual才知道


  • [size=14.399999618530273px]也就是說，例如我用STM32F103RB，那么選啟動文件為startup_stm32f10x_md.s
  • 如果我用的是STM32F107VCT6，那么選啟動文件為[size=14.399999618530273px]startup_stm32f10x_cl.s(互聯網型）
startup_stm32f10x_md.s的啟動代碼的分析：
;******************** (C) COPYRIGHT 2010 STMicroelectronics********************
;* File Name : startup_stm32f10x_hd.s
;* Author : MCD Application Team
;* Version : V3.4.0
;* Date : 10/15/2010


Stack_Size EQU 0x00000400                  //定義1KB大小的棧空間

AREA STACK, NOINIT, READWRITE, ALIGN=3 //定義一個段,8(2的3次方)字節對齊的空間作為棧
Stack_Mem SPACE Stack_Size                //開辟棧大小1KB,并用0填充
__initial_sp                                         //標記棧頂地址

Heap_Size EQU 0x00000200                  //定義堆大小512字節

AREA HEAP, NOINIT, READWRITE, ALIGN=3//定義堆空間,8字節對齊
__heap_base                            //堆空間基址
Heap_Mem SPACE Heap_Size        //開辟堆空間512字節,并清0
__heap_limit                             //堆空間結束地址

PRESERVE8 //設置這個文件告訴編譯器鏈接時堆棧是8字節對齊
THUMB //開始使用thumb指令模式


; Vector Table Mapped to Address 0 at Reset復位后,中斷向量表映射到地址0
AREA RESET, DATA, READONLY//定義名為RESET的只讀段,這個名稱最好不要亂改,不分大小寫,
EXPORT __Vectors //聲明全局符號,表示中斷向量表入口地址
EXPORT __Vectors_End //中斷向量表結束地址
EXPORT __Vectors_Size //大小

__Vectors DCD __initial_sp ; Top of Stack 棧頂地址
DCD Reset_Handler ; Reset Handler 復位中斷的函數指針
DCD NMI_Handler ; NMI Handler
DCD HardFault_Handler ; Hard Fault Handler
DCD MemManage_Handler ; MPU Fault Handler
DCD BusFault_Handler ; Bus Fault Handler
DCD UsageFault_Handler ; Usage Fault Handler
DCD 0 ; Reserved
DCD 0 ; Reserved
DCD 0 ; Reserved
DCD 0 ; Reserved
DCD SVC_Handler ; SVCall Handler
DCD DebugMon_Handler ; Debug Monitor Handler
DCD 0 ; Reserved
DCD PendSV_Handler ; PendSV Handler
DCD SysTick_Handler ; SysTick Handler 以上都是內核中斷

; External Interrupts 第16個開始是外設的中斷
DCD WWDG_IRQHandler ; Window Watchdog
DCD PVD_IRQHandler ; PVD through EXTI Line detect
DCD TAMPER_IRQHandler ; Tamper
DCD RTC_IRQHandler ; RTC
DCD FLASH_IRQHandler ; Flash
DCD RCC_IRQHandler ; RCC
DCD EXTI0_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 0
DCD EXTI1_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 1
DCD EXTI2_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 2
DCD EXTI3_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 3
DCD EXTI4_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 4
DCD DMA1_Channel1_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel 1
DCD DMA1_Channel2_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel 2
DCD DMA1_Channel3_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel 3
DCD DMA1_Channel4_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel 4
DCD DMA1_Channel5_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel 5
DCD DMA1_Channel6_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel 6
DCD DMA1_Channel7_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel 7
DCD ADC1_2_IRQHandler ; ADC1 & ADC2
DCD USB_HP_CAN1_TX_IRQHandler ; USB High Priority or CAN1TX
DCD USB_LP_CAN1_RX0_IRQHandler ; USB Low Priority or CAN1RX0
DCD CAN1_RX1_IRQHandler ; CAN1 RX1
DCD CAN1_SCE_IRQHandler ; CAN1 SCE
DCD EXTI9_5_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 9..5
DCD TIM1_BRK_IRQHandler ; TIM1 Break
DCD TIM1_UP_IRQHandler ; TIM1 Update
DCD TIM1_TRG_COM_IRQHandler ; TIM1 Trigger andCommutation
DCD TIM1_CC_IRQHandler ; TIM1 Capture Compare
DCD TIM2_IRQHandler ; TIM2
DCD TIM3_IRQHandler ; TIM3
DCD TIM4_IRQHandler ; TIM4
DCD I2C1_EV_IRQHandler ; I2C1 Event
DCD I2C1_ER_IRQHandler ; I2C1 Error
DCD I2C2_EV_IRQHandler ; I2C2 Event
DCD I2C2_ER_IRQHandler ; I2C2 Error
DCD SPI1_IRQHandler ; SPI1
DCD SPI2_IRQHandler ; SPI2
DCD USART1_IRQHandler ; USART1
DCD USART2_IRQHandler ; USART2
DCD USART3_IRQHandler ; USART3
DCD EXTI15_10_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 15..10
DCD RTCAlarm_IRQHandler ; RTC Alarm through EXTILine
DCD USBWakeUp_IRQHandler ; USB Wakeup from suspend
DCD TIM8_BRK_IRQHandler ; TIM8 Break
DCD TIM8_UP_IRQHandler ; TIM8 Update
DCD TIM8_TRG_COM_IRQHandler ; TIM8 Trigger andCommutation
DCD TIM8_CC_IRQHandler ; TIM8 Capture Compare
DCD ADC3_IRQHandler ; ADC3
DCD FSMC_IRQHandler ; FSMC
DCD SDIO_IRQHandler ; SDIO
DCD TIM5_IRQHandler ; TIM5
DCD SPI3_IRQHandler ; SPI3
DCD UART4_IRQHandler ; UART4
DCD UART5_IRQHandler ; UART5
DCD TIM6_IRQHandler ; TIM6
DCD TIM7_IRQHandler ; TIM7
DCD DMA2_Channel1_IRQHandler ; DMA2 Channel1
DCD DMA2_Channel2_IRQHandler ; DMA2 Channel2
DCD DMA2_Channel3_IRQHandler ; DMA2 Channel3
DCD DMA2_Channel4_5_IRQHandler ; DMA2 Channel4 &Channel5
__Vectors_End ;以上即中斷函數指針數組

__Vectors_Size EQU __Vectors_End - __Vectors;計算中斷向量表長度

AREA |.text|, CODE, READONLY ;定義只讀代碼段

; Reset handler ;復位中斷服務的入口
Reset_Handler PROC ;PROC_ENDP是一個函數的開始與結束標記
EXPORT Reset_Handler[WEAK];聲明復位中斷向量為全局的,可供外部調用,WEAK標記本代碼是備用編譯
IMPORT __main;導入c庫中的main標號,這個是c庫中的內容,不是我們自己寫的那個main函數
IMPORT SystemInit ;導入SystemInit
LDR R0, =SystemInit
BLX R0 ;跳到SystemInit
LDR R0, =__main;裝載鏈接器添加的_mian代碼,用來進行flash到ram的存儲器映射與數據段拷貝并清0
BX R0 ;它還執行了lib_init等c庫的初始化工作,完了之后再進入用戶的mian函數
ENDP

; Dummy Exception Handlers (infinite loops which can bemodified)

NMI_Handler PROC
EXPORT NMI_Handler [WEAK]
B .;weak標記說明,如果使用這個備用的函數(外部文件中沒有NMI_Handler),這里的B指令用nop替換,
ENDP ;也就是說讓編譯器忽略,外部找不到任何NMI_Handler函數時的警告或錯誤
HardFault_Handler\
PROC
EXPORT HardFault_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
MemManage_Handler\
PROC
EXPORT MemManage_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
BusFault_Handler\
PROC
EXPORT BusFault_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
UsageFault_Handler\
PROC
EXPORT UsageFault_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
SVC_Handler PROC
EXPORT SVC_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
DebugMon_Handler\
PROC
EXPORT DebugMon_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
PendSV_Handler PROC
EXPORT PendSV_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
SysTick_Handler PROC
EXPORT SysTick_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP

Default_Handler PROC

EXPORT WWDG_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT PVD_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TAMPER_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT RTC_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT FLASH_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT RCC_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT EXTI0_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT EXTI1_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT EXTI2_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT EXTI3_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT EXTI4_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMA1_Channel1_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMA1_Channel2_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMA1_Channel3_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMA1_Channel4_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMA1_Channel5_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMA1_Channel6_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMA1_Channel7_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT ADC1_2_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT USB_HP_CAN1_TX_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT USB_LP_CAN1_RX0_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT CAN1_RX1_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT CAN1_SCE_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT EXTI9_5_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM1_BRK_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM1_UP_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM1_TRG_COM_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM1_CC_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM2_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM3_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM4_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT I2C1_EV_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT I2C1_ER_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT I2C2_EV_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT I2C2_ER_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT SPI1_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT SPI2_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT USART1_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT USART2_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT USART3_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT EXTI15_10_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT RTCAlarm_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT USBWakeUp_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM8_BRK_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM8_UP_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM8_TRG_COM_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM8_CC_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT ADC3_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT FSMC_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT SDIO_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM5_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT SPI3_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT UART4_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT UART5_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM6_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM7_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMA2_Channel1_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMA2_Channel2_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMA2_Channel3_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMA2_Channel4_5_IRQHandler [WEAK]

WWDG_IRQHandler
PVD_IRQHandler
TAMPER_IRQHandler
RTC_IRQHandler
FLASH_IRQHandler
RCC_IRQHandler
EXTI0_IRQHandler
EXTI1_IRQHandler
EXTI2_IRQHandler
EXTI3_IRQHandler
EXTI4_IRQHandler
DMA1_Channel1_IRQHandler
DMA1_Channel2_IRQHandler
DMA1_Channel3_IRQHandler
DMA1_Channel4_IRQHandler
DMA1_Channel5_IRQHandler
DMA1_Channel6_IRQHandler
DMA1_Channel7_IRQHandler
ADC1_2_IRQHandler
USB_HP_CAN1_TX_IRQHandler
USB_LP_CAN1_RX0_IRQHandler
CAN1_RX1_IRQHandler
CAN1_SCE_IRQHandler
EXTI9_5_IRQHandler
TIM1_BRK_IRQHandler
TIM1_UP_IRQHandler
TIM1_TRG_COM_IRQHandler
TIM1_CC_IRQHandler
TIM2_IRQHandler
TIM3_IRQHandler
TIM4_IRQHandler
I2C1_EV_IRQHandler
I2C1_ER_IRQHandler
I2C2_EV_IRQHandler
I2C2_ER_IRQHandler
SPI1_IRQHandler
SPI2_IRQHandler
USART1_IRQHandler
USART2_IRQHandler
USART3_IRQHandler
EXTI15_10_IRQHandler
RTCAlarm_IRQHandler
USBWakeUp_IRQHandler
TIM8_BRK_IRQHandler
TIM8_UP_IRQHandler
TIM8_TRG_COM_IRQHandler
TIM8_CC_IRQHandler
ADC3_IRQHandler
FSMC_IRQHandler
SDIO_IRQHandler
TIM5_IRQHandler
SPI3_IRQHandler
UART4_IRQHandler
UART5_IRQHandler
TIM6_IRQHandler
TIM7_IRQHandler
DMA2_Channel1_IRQHandler
DMA2_Channel2_IRQHandler
DMA2_Channel3_IRQHandler
DMA2_Channel4_5_IRQHandler
B .

ENDP

ALIGN

;*******************************************************************************
; User Stack and Heap initialization
;*******************************************************************************
IF :DEF:__MICROLIB ;判斷是否定義了這個宏

EXPORT __initial_sp ;是的話定義為全局屬性
EXPORT __heap_base
EXPORT __heap_limit

ELSE

IMPORT __use_two_region_memory ;使用2個存儲區?
EXPORT __user_initial_stackheap ;用戶堆棧初始化入口

__user_initial_stackheap

LDR R0, = Heap_Mem ;堆棧初始化
LDR R1, =(Stack_Mem + Stack_Size)
LDR R2, = (Heap_Mem + Heap_Size)
LDR R3, = Stack_Mem
BX LR

ALIGN ;填充字節使地址對齊

ENDIF

END ;結束匯編文件

;******************* (C) COPYRIGHT 2010 STMicroelectronics *****ENDOF FILE*****



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