人的眼睛存在視覺暫留現象,正因為眼睛的反應遲鈍,才豐富了人的視覺感受。LED搖搖棒很好地利用了人眼的視覺暫留特性。這樣的電子小制作,人人者喜歡動手實踐一下,下圖是基于51單片機控制、容易制作的16只LED發光管搖搖棒,配合手的左右搖晃就可呈現一幅完整的畫面,可以顯示字符、圖片等。

容易制作的16只LED發光管搖搖棒基本原理與硬件電路設計:
容易制作的16只LED發光管搖搖棒,由16只LED發光管作為畫面每一列的顯示,左右搖晃起到了掃描的作用,人眼的視覺暫留現象使得看到的是一幅完整的畫面。容易制作的16只LED發光管搖搖棒與LED點陣的顯示有幾分相仿。下面介紹一下這個電子小制作——容易制作的16只LED發光管搖搖棒的原理,供大家仿制。


容易制作的16只LED發光管搖搖棒硬件電路如下圖(點擊可放大)。系統電源VCC為5V,下載程序和調試時一定要保證5V電壓,實際使用時用3節干電池串聯4.5V即可。AT89S52單片機作為控制器,在它的P0、P2口接有16只以共陽的方式連接的高亮度LED,由單片機輸出低電平點亮。P0口的上拉電阻RA1不能少。串在LED公共端的二極管D1會產生一定的壓降,用來保護LED,經實測LED點亮時兩端電壓為3V左右,在LED的安全承受范圍內。K1是畫面切換開關,用于切換顯示不同內容;S1為水銀開關。水銀開關的作用:棒在搖動時,只能在朝某一方向搖動時顯示,否則會出現鏡像字或鏡像畫面,所以通過接一只水銀開關來控制,使搖搖棒從左向右搖動時將內容顯示出來。

源程序如下:
- /**********************************************************
- 程序名稱:容易制作的16只LED發光管搖搖棒
- 簡要說明:外部中斷方式INT0顯示;取模方式:縱向取模、字節倒序
- 電子小制作優選制作題材
- **********************************************************/
- #include <AT89X52.h>
- #define uchar unsigned char
- #define uint unsigned int //宏定義
- #define KEY P3_0 //定義畫面切換按鍵
- uchar KY; //KY作用在后面說明
- uchar disp; //顯示漢字指針
- uchar pic=0,num=0; //pic為按鍵次數;num為中斷次數
- uchar code love[] = {
- 0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
- 0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFE,0x3F,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x20,
- 0x00,0x20,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xF8,0x0F,
- 0x04,0x10,0x02,0x20,0x02,0x20,0x02,0x20,0x02,0x20,0x04,0x10,0xF8,0x0F,0x00,0x00,
- 0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFE,0x07,0x00,0x08,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x10,
- 0x00,0x08,0xFE,0x07,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFE,0x3F,0x82,0x20,0x82,0x20,
- 0x82,0x20,0x82,0x20,0x82,0x20,0x82,0x20,0x82,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
- 0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,/*LOVE*/
- };
- uchar code loveyou[] = {
- 0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
- 0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
- 0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
- 0x78,0x00,0xFC,0x00,0xFE,0x01,0xFE,0x03,0xFE,0x07,0xFE,0x0F,0xFE,0x1F,0xFC,0x3F,
- 0xF8,0x7F,0xFC,0x3F,0xFE,0x1F,0xFE,0x0F,0xFE,0x07,0xFE,0x03,0xFE,0x01,0xFC,0x00,
- 0x78,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
- 0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
- 0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,/*心形圖案*/
- };
- uchar code hehe[] = {
- 0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
- 0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xC0,0x01,0x40,0x01,0xC0,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
- 0xF0,0x0F,0x08,0x10,0x04,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xF0,0x3F,0x08,0x00,0x04,0x00,
- 0x04,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x08,0x00,0xF0,0x3F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x20,
- 0x00,0x20,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xF0,0x3F,0x08,0x00,0x04,0x00,
- 0x04,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x08,0x00,0xF0,0x3F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x04,0x20,0x08,0x10,
- 0xF0,0x0F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xC0,0x01,0x40,0x01,0xC0,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
- 0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,/*呵呵o(∩_∩)o圖案*/
- };
- unsigned char code hanzi[] = {
- //-- 歡 --
- 0x04,0x10,0x34,0x08,0xC4,0x06,0x04,0x01,
- 0xC4,0x82,0x3C,0x8C,0x20,0x40,0x10,0x30,
- 0x0F,0x0C,0xE8,0x03,0x08,0x0C,0x08,0x10,
- 0x28,0x60,0x18,0xC0,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x00,
- //-- 迎 --
- 0x40,0x00,0x42,0x40,0x44,0x20,0xC8,0x1F,
- 0x00,0x20,0xFC,0x47,0x04,0x42,0x02,0x41,
- 0x82,0x40,0xFC,0x7F,0x04,0x40,0x04,0x42,
- 0x04,0x44,0xFE,0x63,0x04,0x20,0x00,0x00,
- //-- 使 --
- 0x40,0x00,0x20,0x00,0xF8,0xFF,0x07,0x00,
- 0x04,0x80,0xF4,0x43,0x14,0x45,0x14,0x29,
- 0x14,0x19,0xFF,0x17,0x14,0x21,0x14,0x21,
- 0x14,0x41,0xF6,0xC3,0x04,0x40,0x00,0x00,
- //-- 用 --
- 0x00,0x80,0x00,0x60,0xFE,0x1F,0x22,0x02,
- 0x22,0x02,0x22,0x02,0x22,0x02,0xFE,0x7F,
- 0x22,0x02,0x22,0x02,0x22,0x42,0x22,0x82,
- 0xFF,0x7F,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
- //-- 神 --
- 0x08,0x01,0x88,0x00,0x49,0x00,0xEE,0xFF,
- 0x58,0x00,0x88,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xF8,0x1F,
- 0x88,0x08,0x88,0x08,0xFF,0xFF,0x88,0x08,
- 0x88,0x08,0xFC,0x1F,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,
- //-- 奇 --
- 0x40,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x44,0x00,0x44,0x3E,
- 0x64,0x12,0x54,0x12,0x4C,0x12,0x47,0x12,
- 0x4C,0x3F,0x54,0x42,0x74,0x80,0xC6,0x7F,
- 0x44,0x00,0x60,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x00,0x00,
- //-- 魔 --
- 0x00,0x40,0x00,0x30,0xFE,0x8F,0x4A,0x80,
- 0xAA,0x5F,0x9A,0x4A,0xFE,0x2A,0xAA,0x1A,
- 0xCB,0x0F,0xAA,0x7A,0xFE,0x8A,0x9A,0xAA,
- 0xAA,0x8F,0x6B,0x80,0x22,0xE0,0x00,0x00,
- //-- 幻 --
- 0x80,0x20,0xC0,0x30,0xA0,0x28,0x98,0x24,
- 0x87,0x22,0x80,0x21,0xC4,0x30,0x04,0x60,
- 0x04,0x00,0x04,0x20,0x04,0x40,0x04,0x80,
- 0x04,0x40,0xFE,0x3F,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,
- //-- 搖 --
- 0x10,0x02,0x10,0x42,0x10,0x81,0xFF,0x7F,
- 0x90,0x04,0x54,0x05,0xCC,0xF4,0xB4,0x44,
- 0x84,0x44,0xBC,0x7F,0x82,0x44,0xA2,0x44,
- 0x9B,0xF4,0x82,0x06,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x00,
- //-- 搖 --
- 0x10,0x02,0x10,0x42,0x10,0x81,0xFF,0x7F,
- 0x90,0x04,0x54,0x05,0xCC,0xF4,0xB4,0x44,
- 0x84,0x44,0xBC,0x7F,0x82,0x44,0xA2,0x44,
- 0x9B,0xF4,0x82,0x06,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x00,
- //-- 棒 --
- 0x10,0x04,0x10,0x03,0xD0,0x00,0xFF,0xFF,
- 0x90,0x00,0x54,0x05,0x44,0x12,0xD4,0x15,
- 0x74,0x14,0x5F,0xFF,0xD4,0x14,0x54,0x15,
- 0x56,0x12,0x44,0x06,0x40,0x02,0x00,0x00,
- //-- ! --
- 0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
- 0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7C,0x10,0xFE,0x3B,
- 0xFE,0x3B,0x7C,0x10,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
- 0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00
- };
- /*****函數聲明*****/
- void display1(void);
- void display2(void);
- void display3(void);
- void display4(void);
- /*****n(us)延時子程序*****/
- void DelayUs(uint N)
- {
- uint x;
- for(x=0; x<=N;x++);
- }
- /*****中斷服務程序*****/
- void intersvr0(void) interrupt 0 using 1
- {
- KY=~KY; //每個搖動來回水銀開關會在擺幅兩端分別產生下降沿中斷,只提取其中一次(從左向右搖才顯示)
- if(KY==0)
- {
- num++; //計算中斷次數
- switch(pic) //選擇畫面
- {
- case 0:{display1();}break;
- case 1:{display2();}break;
- case 2:{display3();}break;
- case 3:{display4();}break;
- default:{display1();}
- }
- }
- }
- /*****顯示子程序1(漢字)*****/
- void display1(void)
- {
- uchar i;
- if(num>10){disp++;num=0;} //12個漢字分為3次顯示完(每次顯示4個),每中斷10次切換
- if(disp>2)disp=0;
- DelayUs(5200); //此處延時時間依各硬件差別而各不相同,試著調整使得顯示內容居中即可
- for(i=0;i<64;i++)
- {
- P0=~hanzi[disp*128+i*2];
- P2=~hanzi[disp*128+i*2+1];
- DelayUs(100);
- }
- }
- /*****顯示子程序2(LOVE)*****/
- void display2(void)
- {
- uchar i;
- DelayUs(4000);
- for(i=0;i<64;i++)
- {
- P0=~love[i*2];
- P2=~love[i*2+1];
- DelayUs(120);
- }
- }
- /*****顯示子程序3(心形圖案)*****/
- void display3(void)
- {
- uchar i;
- DelayUs(4000);
- for(i=0;i<64;i++)
- {
- P0=~loveyou[i*2];
- P2=~loveyou[i*2+1];
- DelayUs(120);
- }
- }
- /*****顯示子程序4(呵呵o(∩_∩)o圖案)*****/
- void display4(void)
- {
- uchar i;
- DelayUs(4000);
- for(i=0;i<64;i++)
- {
- P0=~hehe[i*2];
- P2=~hehe[i*2+1];
- DelayUs(120);
- }
- }
- /*****主函數*****/
- void main(void)
- {
- IT0=1;
- EX0=1;
- EA=1; //開中斷,下降沿中斷
- KY=0;
- while(1) //主程序中只檢測按鍵
- {
- if(KEY==0) //畫面切換鍵按下
- {
- DelayUs(10000); //按鍵去抖
- if(KEY==0);
- pic++;}
- if(pic>3)pic=0;
- }
- }
復制代碼
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