寢室電量提示系統（1）—上位機的編寫

ID:73735 · 發表于 2015-2-19 01:12

本帖最后由 huge 于 2015-2-19 01:14 編輯

本例程的下位機單片機程序和視頻詳見：http://www.zg4o1577.cn/bbs/dpj-31602-1.html 本來這次是想寫一個類似QQ尾巴的程序，不過好像有點難，所以就先緩一緩，做了個這個：寢室電量提示系統。大概流程：使用軟件(上位機)打開一個記錄有寢室電量信息的Access文件，查詢低于一定電量的寢室，再將這些寢室號或時間信息通過RS232接口發送到點陣LED上顯示；不使用時，點陣LED平時當作時鐘使用。

首先是上位機的編寫。和以往一樣，我還是選delphi平臺來編寫。
【程序界面布局】

整個程序分為串口和數據庫查詢兩部分。其中通信協議設置(均以十六進制發送、接收)：
①PC發送數據包格式：
(1)  發送顯示的數據組數：BB+AF+發送數據的組數(H)+00+00+00+00+00++00+AF+EE ;
(2)  發送時間：                BB+A2+14(20)+0C(12)+0B(11)+0A(10)+0D(13)+0E(14)+0B(11)+A2與月(0B)的異或+EE ;
                                          (即2012-11-10 13:14:11)
(3)  發送寢室號：             BB+A8+00+03+06+02+03+00+00+A8與“寢室號03620”的“6”(06H)異或+EE ;
②單片機應答數據包格式： BB+AA+00/01+00+00+00+00+00+00+AA+EE
                                          (其中第三個數據00/01：00表示顯示成功；01表示顯示失敗)
【代碼】

unit Unit1;
interface
uses
  Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes,
Graphics, Controls, Forms,
  Dialogs, ExtCtrls, SPComm, StdCtrls,  sBevel, Grids, DBGrids,
  dbcgrids, DB, ADODB, sSkinManager, SGridFunction, AdoConEd, sLabel,
  ComCtrls,Menus,ScrollText, acTitleBar, ImgList,
  acAlphaImageList, sCheckBox;
type
TForm1 = class(TForm)
Ports: TComboBox;
Baud: TComboBox;
Parity_bit: TComboBox;
Data_bits: TComboBox;

Label2: TLabel;
Label3: TLabel;
Label4: TLabel;
Label5: TLabel;
Senddisp: TButton;
Connect: TButton;
Stop_bit: TComboBox;
Label6: TLabel;
Comm1: TComm;
Image1: TImage;
Label7: TLabel;
Label8: TLabel;
Battery: TEdit;
Total: TEdit;
Image2: TImage;
StringGrid1: TStringGrid;
ADOQuery1: TADOQuery;
sSkinManager1: TsSkinManager;
ADOConnection1: TADOConnection;
Time: TsLabelFX;
Timer1: TTimer;
Time_settle: TsCheckBox;
MainMenu1: TMainMenu;
Database_set: TMenuItem;
Open_database: TMenuItem;
About: TMenuItem;
sBevel1: TsBevel;

Search: TButton;
Quit: TMenuItem;
ScrollText1: TScrollText;
sAlphaImageList1: TsAlphaImageList;
Timer2: TTimer;
procedure FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
procedure PortsChange(Sender: TObject);
procedure BaudChange(Sender: TObject);
procedure Parity_bitChange(Sender: TObject);
procedure Data_bitsChange(Sender: TObject);
procedure Stop_bitChange(Sender: TObject);
procedure ConnectClick(Sender: TObject);
procedure SenddispClick(Sender: TObject);
procedure BatteryKeyPress(Sender: TObject; var Key: Char);
procedure Timer1Timer(Sender: TObject);
procedure Open_databaseClick(Sender: TObject);
procedure AboutClick(Sender: TObject);
procedure SearchClick(Sender: TObject);
procedure QuitClick(Sender: TObject);
procedure Timer2Timer(Sender: TObject);
procedure Comm1ReceiveData(Sender: TObject; Buffer: Pointer;
   BufferLength: Word);
  private
{ Private declarations }
procedure EnumComPorts(Ports: TStrings);
procedure SendString(const str:string);
function StrToHexStr(const S:string):string;
function HexStrToStr(const S:string):string;
  public
{ Public declarations }
  end;
var
  Form1: TForm1;
  SysTime:TSystemTime;
  i,i0:Integer;
implementation

{$R *.dfm}
{ TForm1 }

procedure TForm1.EnumComPorts(Ports: TStrings);    //獲取當前可用的串口
var
  KeyHandle: HKEY;
  ErrCode, Index: Integer;
  ValueName, Data: string;
  ValueLen, DataLen, ValueType: DWORD;
  TmpPorts: TStringList;
  Tmp4,Tmp5:TStringList;
begin
  ErrCode:= RegOpenKeyEx(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,'HARDWARE\DEVICEMAP\SERIALCOMM',0,KEY_READ,KeyHandle);  if ErrCode <> ERROR_SUCCESS then
ShowMessage('打開串口列表的注冊表項出錯');
  TmpPorts := TStringList.Create;
  Tmp4:= TStringList.Create;
  Tmp5 := TstringList.Create;
  try
Index := 0;
repeat
   ValueLen := 256;
   DataLen := 256;
   SetLength(ValueName, ValueLen);
   SetLength(Data, DataLen);
   ErrCode := RegEnumValue(KeyHandle, Index, PChar(ValueName),
      Cardinal(ValueLen), nil, @ValueType, PByte(PChar(Data)), @DataLen);
   if ErrCode = ERROR_SUCCESS then
   begin
      SetLength(Data, DataLen);
      TmpPorts.Add(Trim(Data));
      Inc(Index);
   end
   else if ErrCode <> ERROR_NO_MORE_ITEMS then
      ShowMessage('打開串口列表的注冊表項出錯');
until (ErrCode <> ERROR_SUCCESS);
TmpPorts.Sort;
For Index:=0 To TmpPorts.Count-1 do
   begin
   if Length(TmpPorts[Index])<=4 then  // 'COM3'
      Tmp4.Add(TmpPorts[Index])
      else Tmp5.Add(TmpPorts[Index]);
   end;
Tmp4.AddStrings(Tmp5);
//Ports.Assign(TmpPorts);
Ports.Assign(Tmp4);
  finally
RegCloseKey(KeyHandle);
TmpPorts.Free;
Tmp4.Free;
Tmp5.Free;
  end;
end;

function TForm1.HexStrToStr(const S: string): string;    //16進制字符串轉換成字符串
var
  t:Integer;
  ts:string;
  M,Code:Integer;
begin
  t:=1;
  Result:='';
  while t<=Length(S) do
  begin
while (t<=Length(S)) and (not (S[t] in ['0'..'9','A'..'F','a'..'f'])) do
   inc(t);
if (t+1>Length(S))or(not (S[t+1] in ['0'..'9','A'..'F','a'..'f'])) then
   ts:='$'+S[t]
else
   ts:='$'+S[t]+S[t+1];
Val(ts,M,Code);
if Code=0 then
   Result:=Result+Chr(M);
inc(t,2);
  end;
end;

procedure TForm1.SendString(const str: string);
begin
  Comm1.WriteCommData(Pchar(str),Length(str));
end;

function TForm1.StrToHexStr(const S: string): string;       //字符串轉換成16進制字符串
var
  I:Integer;
begin
  for I:=1 to Length(S) do
  begin
if I=1 then
   Result:=IntToHex(StrToInt(S[1]),2)
else Result:=Result+' '+IntToHex(StrToInt(S[I]),2);
  end;
end;

procedure TForm1.FormCreate(Sender: TObject);//初始化窗口
begin
  Self.DoubleBuffered:= True;
  ScrollText1.ScrollText:='------歡迎使用寢室電量提示系統 O(∩_∩)O~';
  StringGrid1.Cells[0, 0]:='序號';
  StringGrid1.Cells[1, 0]:='缺電寢室號';
  StringGrid1.Cells[2, 0]:='剩余電量(度)';
  EnumComPorts(Ports.Items);
  Ports.ItemIndex:=0;
  Comm1.CommName:=Ports.Text;
  Baud.ItemIndex:=5;
  Comm1.BaudRate:=StrToIntDef(Baud.Text,Comm1.BaudRate);
  Parity_bit.ItemIndex:=2;
  Comm1.Parity:=None;
  Data_bits.ItemIndex:=3;
  Comm1.ByteSize:=_8;
  Stop_bit.ItemIndex:=0;
  Comm1.StopBits:=_1;
end;

procedure TForm1.PortsChange(Sender: TObject);          //端口選項
begin
  Comm1.CommName:=Ports.Text;
end;

procedure TForm1.BaudChange(Sender: TObject);          //波特率選項
begin
  Comm1.BaudRate:=StrToIntDef(Baud.Text,Comm1.BaudRate)
end;

procedure TForm1.Parity_bitChange(Sender: TObject);    //校驗位選項
begin
  case Parity_bit.ItemIndex of
0:Comm1.Parity:=Even;
1:Comm1.Parity:=Mark;
2:Comm1.Parity:=None;
3:Comm1.Parity:=Odd;
4:Comm1.Parity:=Space;
  end;
end;

procedure TForm1.Data_bitsChange(Sender: TObject);    //數據位選項
begin
  case Data_bits.ItemIndex of
0:Comm1.ByteSize:=_5;
1:Comm1.ByteSize:=_6;
2:Comm1.ByteSize:=_7;
3:Comm1.ByteSize:=_8;
  end;
end;

procedure TForm1.Stop_bitChange(Sender: TObject);    //停止位選項
begin
  case Stop_bit.ItemIndex of
0:Comm1.StopBits:=_1;
1:Comm1.StopBits:=_1_5;
2:Comm1.StopBits:=_2;
  end;
end;

procedure TForm1.ConnectClick(Sender: TObject);    //連接串口按鈕事件
begin
  if Connect.Caption='連接串口' then
begin
   Comm1.StartComm;
   Connect.Caption:='關閉串口';
   Image1.Visible:=false;
   Image2.Visible:=true;
   Ports.Enabled:=false;
   Baud.Enabled:=false;
   Parity_bit.Enabled:=false;
   Data_bits.Enabled:=false;
   Stop_bit.Enabled:=false;
   Senddisp.Enabled:=true;
end
  else
begin
   Comm1.StopComm;
   Connect.Caption:='連接串口';
   Image1.Visible:=true;
   Image2.Visible:=false;
   Ports.Enabled:=true;
   Baud.Enabled:=true;
   Parity_bit.Enabled:=true;
   Data_bits.Enabled:=true;
   Stop_bit.Enabled:=true;
   Senddisp.Enabled:=false;
end;
end;

procedure TForm1.SenddispClick(Sender: TObject);
var
  strdata,stryear1,stryear0,strmonth,strday,strhour,strminute,strsecond:string;
begin
  if Time_settle.Checked=true then
begin
   stryear1:=IntToHex(StrToInt(copy(IntToStr(SysTime.wYear),1,2)),2);
   stryear0:=IntToHex(StrToInt(copy(IntToStr(SysTime.wYear),3,2)),2);
   strmonth:=IntToHex(SysTime.wMonth,2);
   strday:=IntToHex(SysTime.wDay,2);
   strhour:=IntToHex(SysTime.wHour,2);
   strminute:=IntToHex(SysTime.wMinute,2);
   strsecond:=IntToHex(SysTime.wSecond,2);
   strdata:=HexStrToStr('BBA2'+stryear1+stryear0+strmonth+strday+strhour+strminute+strsecond+IntToHex(SysTime.wMonth Xor $A2,2)+'EE');
   if (trim(Total.Text) = '') or (trim(Total.Text) = '0') then
      begin
      SendString(HexStrToStr('BBAF01000000000000AFEE'));
         //格式 BB+AF+發送數據的組數(H)+00+00+00+00+00++00+AF+EE
      sleep(200);
      SendString(strdata);
         //格式 BB+A2+20+12+11+10+13+14+11+A2與月的異或+EE
      Timer2.Enabled:=false;
      end
   else
      begin
      i0:=StrToInt(Total.Text);
      SendString(HexStrToStr('BBAF'+IntToHex(i0+1,2)+'000000000000AFEE'));
         //格式 BB+AF+發送數據的組數(H)+00+00+00+00+00++00+AF+EE
      i:=1;
      sleep(200);
      SendString(strdata);
         //格式 BB+A2+14(20)+0C(12)+0B(11)+0A(10)+0D(13)+0E(14)+0B(11)+A2與月(0B)的異或+EE
      sleep(200);
      Timer2.Enabled:=true;
      end;
end
  else
begin
   if (trim(Total.Text) = '') or (trim(Total.Text) = '0') then
      Application.MessageBox('數據無效，無法發送！','警告',MB_ICONWARNING)
   else
      begin
      i0:=StrToInt(Total.Text);
      SendString(HexStrToStr('BBAF'+IntToHex(i0,2)+'000000000000AFEE'));
         //格式 BB+AF+發送數據的組數(H)+00+00+00+00+00++00+AF+EE
      i:=1;
      sleep(200);
      Timer2.Enabled:=true;
      end;
end;
end;

procedure TForm1.BatteryKeyPress(Sender: TObject; var Key: Char);
begin
  if not (Key in ['0'..'9',#8]) then Key:=#0;
end;

procedure TForm1.Timer1Timer(Sender: TObject); //顯示當前時間,每隔1s更新一次
begin
  GetLocalTime(SysTime);
  Time.Caption:=IntToStr(SysTime.wYear)+'年'+Format('%.2d',[SysTime.wMonth])+'月'+Format('%.2d',[SysTime.wDay])+'日  '+Format('%.2d',[SysTime.wHour])+':'+Format('%.2d',[SysTime.wMinute])+':'+Format('%.2d',[SysTime.wSecond]);
end;

procedure TForm1.Open_databaseClick(Sender: TObject);
var
  constr: string;
begin
  if ( constr <> '') then
ADOConnection1.ConnectionString := constr;
  if (EditConnectionString(ADOConnection1)) then//調用數據源窗口，判斷是否連接成功
begin
   ADOConnection1.Connected:=False;
   ADOConnection1.Connected:=True;
   constr := ADOConnection1.ConnectionString;
   Search.Enabled:=true;
end
  else
begin
   constr := ADOConnection1.ConnectionString;
   ADOConnection1.ConnectionString := '';
end;
end;

procedure TForm1.AboutClick(Sender: TObject);
begin
  Application.MessageBox('    ☆    寢室電量提示系統    ☆'+#13#13+
  '          Agent CopyRight@2012 '+#13+
  '                      by hun    ','關于',MB_OK);
end;

procedure TForm1.SearchClick(Sender: TObject);
begin
  ADOConnection1.Connected:=true;
  with ADOQuery1 do
  begin
Close;
SQL.Clear;
SQL.Add('SELECT * FROM Sheet1  WHERE Battery <='+Battery.Text);  // 查詢數據庫
Open;
  end;
  ShowQueryData(StringGrid1,ADOQuery1,0,1);
  if HaveData(StringGrid1, 1, 1)=false then
Total.Text:='0'
  else
  Total.Text:=SetNumberFields(StringGrid1,0,1);
  ADOConnection1.Connected:=false;
end;

procedure TForm1.QuitClick(Sender: TObject);
begin
  if Application.MessageBox('您確定要退出嗎？','警告',MB_YESNO or MB_DEFBUTTON1)=IDYES then
begin
   Application.Terminate;
end;
end;

procedure TForm1.Timer2Timer(Sender: TObject);

begin
  SendString(HexStrToStr('BBA8'+StrToHexStr(Format('%.5d',[StrToInt(StringGrid1.Cells[1, i])]))+'0000'+IntToHex(StrToInt('$'+StrToHexStr(copy(StringGrid1.Cells[1, i],Length(StringGrid1.Cells[1, i])-2,1))) Xor $A8,2)+'EE'));
//格式 BB+A8+00+03+06+02+03+00+00+A8與03620的06h異或+EE
  i:=i+1;
  if i>i0 then
Timer2.Enabled:=false;
end;

procedure TForm1.Comm1ReceiveData(Sender: TObject; Buffer: Pointer;
  BufferLength: Word);
var
  rbuf:array[0..10] of Byte;
begin
  move(Buffer^,pchar(@rbuf)^,BufferLength);
  if (rbuf[1]<>rbuf[9]) or (inttohex(rbuf[2],2)='01') then
Application.MessageBox('顯示失敗！','提示信息',MB_OK)
  else
begin
   if inttohex(rbuf[2],2)='00' then
      Application.MessageBox('顯示成功！','提示信息',MB_OK)
   else
      Application.MessageBox('顯示失敗！','提示信息',MB_OK);
end;
end;

end.

【查詢效果】

在編寫下位機的過程中，發現端口的設置有點多余，所以又重新布局，于是誕生了精簡版：

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寢室電量提示系統（1）—上位機的編寫

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