51單片機PID三檔控制直流電機程序與Proteus仿真數碼管顯示

ID:528775 · 發表于 2021-11-17 20:34

可以三個擋位，輸出不同的轉速，同時采集轉速，進行PID運算
仿真原理圖如下（proteus仿真工程文件可到本帖附件中下載）

單片機源程序如下:

#include <reg52.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#define uchar unsigned char
#define uint unsigned int
#define THC0 0xf9
#define TLC0 0x0f //2ms
//#define THC0 0xec
//#define TLC0 0x78 //5ms
#define SEG_DATA_PORT P0
unsigned char code Duan[]={0x3F, 0x06,0x5B,0x4F,0x66,0x6D,0x7D,0x07,0x7F,0x6F,0x40};//共陰極數碼管，0-9段碼表
unsigned char Data_Buffer[8]={1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0}; // 顯示緩沖
unsigned int displaytime=0,timing=90;
uchar i=0;
sbit LS138_A=P2^2;
sbit LS138_B=P2^3;
sbit LS138_C=P2^4;
sbit AddSpeed=P3^1; //一檔按鍵端口
sbit SubSpeed=P3^0; //二擋按鍵端口
sbit TurnForward=P3^3; //三擋按鍵端口
sbit TurnBackward=P3^4; //啟動或關閉按鍵端口
//sbit Stop=P1^5;
sbit buzzer = P1^3;
sbit IN1=P1^1;
sbit IN2=P1^2;
sbit PWM_FC=P1^0;
int e ,e1 ,e2 ;
float uk ,uk1 ,duk ;//pid輸出值
float Kp=15,Ki=12,Kd=1.6;
int out=0;
uint SpeedSet=100;
uint cnt=0;
uint Inpluse=0,num=0;//脈沖計數
uint PWMTime=100;//脈沖寬度
unsigned char arry[];
void SendString(uint ch);
void PIDControl();
void SystemInit();
void delay(uchar x);
void PWMOUT();
void SetSpeed();
void SegRefre();
/**************主函數************/
void main()
{
SystemInit();
while(1)
{
SetSpeed(); //按鍵設定速度
SegRefre(); //數碼管顯示刷新
PWMOUT(); //輸出PWM
}
}
void PIDControl() //pid偏差計算
{
e=SpeedSet-num;
duk=(Kp*(e-e1)+Ki*e+Kd*(e-2*e1+e2))/50;
uk=uk1+duk;
out=(int)uk; //輸出為占空比
if(out>1000)
{
out=1000;
}
else if(out<0)
{
out=0;
}
uk1=uk; //變量值移位
e2=e1;
e1=e;
PWMTime=out;
}
void delay(uchar x)
{
uint i,j;
for(i=x;i>0;i--)
for(j=50;j>0;j--);
}
void PWMOUT()
{
if(cnt<PWMTime)
{
PWM_FC=1;
}
else
{
PWM_FC=0;
}
if(cnt>1000) cnt=0;
}
void SystemInit()
{
TMOD=0X21;
TH0=THC0;
TL0=TLC0;
TH1=0xC0;
TL1=0XC0;
ET1=1;
ET0=1;
TR0=1;
TR1=1;
EX0=1;
IT0=1;
EA=1;
e =0;
e1=0;
e2=0;
IN1 = 0;
IN2 = 0;
}
void SetSpeed()
{
if(AddSpeed==0&&IN2==1)
{
delay(200); //消抖處理
if(AddSpeed==0)
{
Data_Buffer[0]=1;//一檔
SpeedSet=100;
timing = 90;
if(SpeedSet>1500)
{
SpeedSet=1500;
}
}
}
if(SubSpeed==0&&IN2==1)
{
delay(200);
if(SubSpeed==0)
{
Data_Buffer[0]=2;//二檔
SpeedSet=230;
timing = 70;
if(SpeedSet<0) SpeedSet=0;
}
}
if(TurnForward==0&&IN2==1)
{
delay(200);
if(TurnForward==0)
{
Data_Buffer[0]=3;//三檔
SpeedSet=380;
timing = 50;
if(SpeedSet<0) SpeedSet=0;
}
}
if(TurnBackward==0)
{
delay(200);
if(TurnBackward==0)
{
IN1 = 0;
IN2 = ~IN2;
Data_Buffer[0]=1;//一檔
SpeedSet=100;
timing = 90;
while(TurnBackward==0);
}
}
/*
if(Stop==0)
{
delay(200);
if(Stop==0)
{
IN1 = 1;
IN2 = 1;
while(Stop==0);
}
}
*/
}
void SegRefre() //顯示刷新
{
//Data_Buffer[0]=timing/1000; //分離設定值各位
if(IN2==1){
Data_Buffer[1]=10;
Data_Buffer[2]=timing/10;
Data_Buffer[3]=timing%10;
}
else{
Data_Buffer[0]=0;
Data_Buffer[1]=10;
Data_Buffer[2]=0;
Data_Buffer[3]=0;
}
Data_Buffer[4]=num/1000;
Data_Buffer[5]=num%1000/100;
Data_Buffer[6]=num%100/10;
Data_Buffer[7]=num%10;
}
void int0() interrupt 0
{
Inpluse++; //采集外部脈沖
}
void t0() interrupt 1
{
static unsigned char Bit=0;
static unsigned int time=0;
TH0=THC0;
TL0=TLC0;
Bit++;
time++; //轉速測量周期
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…………限于本文篇幅余下代碼請從51黑下載附件…………