STC12C5A60S2單片機矩陣鍵盤—掃描法帶仿真原理圖C語言程序

ID:956669 · 發表于 2021-8-4 14:58

這是一個3行4列矩陣掃描鍵盤（也可以加一行變成4*4鍵盤）用stc12控制，12864顯示
先判斷是否有鍵按下，消抖后仍按下則逐行置0，當有一鍵按下，該列的高電平會被該行的0電平同化為0電平，這樣8個口里就有兩個低電平
就可以表示一個對應鍵值附件
如圖所示，例0xf0（11110000）表示3行全0，4列全1（最后一個0無用，因為是三行），當變為0x77（01110111）表示第4列第三行的鍵被按下（最后一個1無用）這個0x77在代碼里就是鍵值0；
既然每一個io電平變化代表不同鍵值，就利用switch函數把可能出現的io電平列出來并給予鍵值，方便以后直接拿
取得鍵值后，就可以拿來顯示
1顯示1，2顯示2，10顯示0，以此類推
當顯示值大于10后，可以把11，12當作功能鍵
鍵盤應用
比如這次是查找元器件的功能
取回鍵值后，0123456789可以顯示，那11表示確認查找，12表示刪除重查
然后把查找器件設置成數組當庫存，取到的鍵值結合后于庫存比較，一樣就查找成功顯示出來，沒有就重查

制作出來的實物圖如下：

仿真原理圖如下（proteus仿真工程文件可到本帖附件中下載）

以下是軟件程序

1。單個讀鍵
unsigned int a[4]={0xfe,0xfd,0xfb,0xf7};
unsigned char Readkey()//讀出單個鍵值
{    unsigned int i,y;       keyport=0xf0;//11110000
      delay(10);
      i=keyport;
      if(i != 0xf0)//判斷有無鍵按下
      {
            delay(30);
            if(i != 0xf0)
            {
                     Delay10ms();
                     Delay10ms();
                     Delay10ms();
                     while(i != 0xf0)
                     {
                              Delay10ms();
                              i=0;
                              while(i<=3)//判斷何健按下
                              {
                                    Delay10ms();
                                    Delay10ms();
                                    Delay10ms();
                                    Delay10ms();
                                    keyport=a[ i];[ i]
                                    delay(10);
                                    x=keyport;
                                    if(x != a[ i])[ i]
                                    {
                                             y=x;
                                             return (y);
                                    }
                                    i++;
                                    x=0;
                              }
                     }
            }
      }
      return (0xff);
}
unsigned char keyzhi(void)
{
      switch(Readkey())
      {
            case 0xe7:n= 1  ;break;//11100111
            case 0xd7:n= 2  ;break;//11010111
            case 0xb7:n=3  ;break;//10110111
            case 0xeb:n= 4  ;break;
            case 0xdb:n= 5  ;break;
            case 0xbb:n= 6  ;break;
            case 0xed:n= 7  ;break;
            case 0xdd:n= 8  ;break;
            case 0xbd:n= 9  ;break;
            case 0x77:n=10  ;break;//0
            case 0x7b:n= 11;break;//確認
            case 0x7d:n= 12;break;//重啟
      case 0xff:return 0x11;break;
      }
      //return n;
      if(P3!=0XF0)
      {
            Delay10ms();
            Delay10ms();
            if(P3&0xf0==0XF0)
            {
            return n;
            }
      }

}這個程序可以拿來讀3*4鍵盤的值，也可以加一行表示4*4鍵盤

2，查找元器件程序
#include "reg52.h"
#include <intrins.h>
#define uchar unsigned char
#define uint unsigned int
#define keyport P3
#define LCD12864_DA_PORT P0
sbit LCD12864_RS_PORT=P2^5;
sbit LCD12864_RW_PORT=P2^6;
sbit LCD12864_E_PORT =P2^7;
unsigned long code BUF1[]={910,910,151,151,301,402,762,913,683,473,472,000,000,105,123,682,431,000,510,151,515,513,000,000,221,912,000,361,390,010,100,201,154,030,504,305,302,560,822,682,241,561,512,101,471,202,000,000,204,392,392,333,474,683,121,101,050,010,700,433,685,515,152,270,510,202,202,513,010,103,152,000,391,000,132,431,822,510,303,123,512,513,511,681,103,501,000,470,361,000,151,153,273,202,560,510,391,222,602,203,274,224,220,471,361,391,155,201,204,104,474,204,100,502,102,205,503,502,000,210,120,334,331,684,105,271,221,103,010,431,500,105,511,121,102,102,101,000,391};
unsigned long code BUF2[]={101,101,102,102,103,103,104,104,105,106,106,202,202,203,203,204,204,205,205,206,208,208,209,209,210,210,211,212,212,301,302,302,303,303,304,304,305,305,306,306,307,307,308,308,309,309,310,310,311,311,312,312,402,402,403,403,404,404,405,405,406,406,407,407,409,409,410,410,411,411,501,501,502,502,503,503,504,504,505,505,506,506,601,601,602,602,603,603,604,604,605,605,606,606,701,701,702,702,703,703,704,704,705,705,706,706,801,801,802,802,803,803,804,805,805,806,806,901,901,902,902,903,903,904,904,905,905,1001,1001,1002,1002,1003,1003,1004,1004,1005,1005,1006,1006};//先行后列
unsigned int BUF[4];
void LCD12864_WaitIdle();
void LCD12864_COM_Write( unsigned char com_da);
void LCD12864_NoWaitIdle_COM_Write(unsigned char com_da);
void LCD12864_Data_Write(unsigned char da);
void lcd_delay_ms(unsigned char x);
void LCD12864_Reset();
void LCD12864_write_word(unsigned char *s);
void LCD12864_HAIZI_SET();
void Delay10ms();
void display();
unsigned char check();
unsigned char Readkey();
unsigned int x,nn,dat;
unsigned int a[4]={0xfe,0xfd,0xfb,0xf7};//11111110，11111101
unsigned char keyzhi(void);
int n=0;
int m=0;
uchar ii;
uchar iii=1;
unsigned int input,kk;
uchar num;
//////////////////////////////////////////
void main()
{
      LCD12864_Reset();                                                             //初始化液晶
      LCD12864_HAIZI_SET();       //普通模式
            LCD12864_COM_Write(0x80);                                                       //指針設置到第一行
      LCD12864_write_word("輸入：");
            LCD12864_COM_Write(0x90);                                                       //指針設置到第一行
      LCD12864_write_word("行：");
            LCD12864_COM_Write(0x94);                                                       //指針設置到第一行
      LCD12864_write_word("列：");
      LCD12864_COM_Write(0x88);          //指針設置到第三行
            LCD12864_write_word("220 記作 221");
//             LCD12864_COM_Write(0x98);             //指針設置到第四行
//             LCD12864_write_word("200k 記作 204");
while(1)
      {
      display();
      }
}
/////////////********************///////////1602
///////////////////////////////////

void delay(unsigned int c)
{
      while(c != 0)
      {
            c--;
      }
}
void LCD12864_WaitIdle()
{
      unsigned char i;
      LCD12864_DA_PORT = 0xff;
      LCD12864_RS_PORT = 0;
      LCD12864_RW_PORT = 1;
      LCD12864_E_PORT = 1;
      while((LCD12864_DA_PORT&0x80)==1); /*等待BF 不為1*/
      LCD12864_E_PORT = 0;
      for(i=0;i<50;i++);
}
void LCD12864_HAIZI_SET()
{
      LCD12864_COM_Write(0x30);
      lcd_delay_ms(10);
      LCD12864_COM_Write(0x30);
      lcd_delay_ms(10);
}
//********************************************************************
//檢測忙信號寫入命令字       com_da 為待寫入的命令字
//********************************************************************
void LCD12864_COM_Write( unsigned char com_da)
{
      LCD12864_WaitIdle();
      LCD12864_RS_PORT = 0;
      LCD12864_RW_PORT = 0;
      LCD12864_DA_PORT = com_da;
      LCD12864_E_PORT = 1;
      LCD12864_E_PORT = 0;
}

//********************************************************************
//不檢測忙信號寫入命令字             com_da 為待寫入的命令字
//********************************************************************
void LCD12864_NoWaitIdle_COM_Write(unsigned char com_da)
{
      LCD12864_RS_PORT = 0;
      LCD12864_RW_PORT = 0;
      LCD12864_DA_PORT = com_da;
      LCD12864_E_PORT = 1;
      LCD12864_E_PORT = 0;
}

//********************************************************************
//數據寫入             da  為待寫入的8位數據
//********************************************************************
void LCD12864_Data_Write(unsigned char da)

{
      LCD12864_WaitIdle(); /*檢測忙信號*/
      LCD12864_RS_PORT = 1;
      LCD12864_RW_PORT = 0;
      LCD12864_DA_PORT = da;
      LCD12864_E_PORT = 1;
      LCD12864_E_PORT = 0;
}

//*************************************************************************************
//寫連續字符函數
//*************************************************************************************
void LCD12864_write_word(unsigned char *s)
{
      while(*s>0)
      {
            LCD12864_Data_Write(*s);
            s++;
      }
}

//********************************************************************
//1MS為單位的延時程序，不準確
//********************************************************************
void lcd_delay_ms(unsigned char x)
{
unsigned int j;
while(x--){
      for(j=0;j<1250;j++)
         {;}
      }
}
void Delay10ms()             //@11.0592MHz
{
      unsigned char i, j;

      i = 108;
      j = 145;
      do
      {
            while (--j);
      } while (--i);
}

//********************************************************************
//LCD12864初始化
//********************************************************************
void LCD12864_Reset()
{
      lcd_delay_ms(100); /*適當延時待LCD自動復位完成*/
      LCD12864_NoWaitIdle_COM_Write(0x30); /*使用8位并口通訊*/
      lcd_delay_ms(10);
      LCD12864_COM_Write(0x30); /*使用8位并口通訊*/
      lcd_delay_ms(10);
      LCD12864_COM_Write(0x0c); /*顯示開及光標設置*/
      lcd_delay_ms(10);
      LCD12864_COM_Write(0x01); /*顯示清屏*/
      lcd_delay_ms(30);
      LCD12864_COM_Write(0x06); /*DDRAM的地址計數器（AC）加1*/
      lcd_delay_ms(30);
}
//*******************************//
///////////////////////////////////
unsigned char check()//把鍵值匹配
{
      uchar i;
      for(i=0;i<500;i++)//開頭設置的數組
      {
            if(BUF1[ i]==input)//輸入值和數組的某一值對應[ i]
            {
                     return(i);break;
                     //return(i);break;
      }
      }
      //return(i);
}
void display()//顯示鍵值和位置
      {
            dat=keyzhi();
            if(dat<=10)
            {
                     LCD12864_COM_Write(0x80+3+nn);
               LCD12864_Data_Write(dat%10+0X30);
                        nn++;
                     if(nn==3)
                     {
                              nn=0;
               }
                     BUF[m]=dat;
                     m++;
                     if(m==3)
                     {
                              m=0;
                     }
                     input=(BUF[0])%10*100+(BUF[1]%10)*10+(BUF[2]%10);
            }
            if(dat==11)
            {
            ii=check();
            LCD12864_COM_Write(0x90+2);
            LCD12864_Data_Write(BUF2[ii]/1000+0x30);//千位
            LCD12864_Data_Write((BUF2[ii]%1000)/100+0x30);//百位
            LCD12864_COM_Write(0X90+6);
            LCD12864_Data_Write((BUF2[ii]%100)/10+0x30);//十位
      LCD12864_Data_Write((BUF2[ii]%100)%10+0x30);//個位
            BUF[0]=0;
            BUF[1]=0;
            BUF[2]=0;
            }
                     if(dat==12)//刪除鍵
      {
      LCD12864_Reset();                                                             //初始化液晶
      LCD12864_HAIZI_SET();       //普通模式
            LCD12864_COM_Write(0x80);                                                       //指針設置到第一行
      LCD12864_write_word("輸入：");
            LCD12864_COM_Write(0x90);                                                       //指針設置到第二行
      LCD12864_write_word("行：");
            LCD12864_COM_Write(0x94);                                                       //指針設置到第二行
      LCD12864_write_word("列：");
            LCD12864_COM_Write(0x88);          //指針設置到第三行
            LCD12864_write_word("220 記作 221");
//             LCD12864_COM_Write(0x98);             //指針設置到第四行
//             LCD12864_write_word("200k 記作 204");
            BUF[0]=0;
            BUF[1]=0;
            BUF[2]=0;
            nn=0;
            m=0;
}
                     if(dat==0XFF)
            {

            }
      }
unsigned char Readkey()//讀出單個鍵值
{
      unsigned int i,y;
      keyport=0xf0;//11110000
      delay(10);
      i=keyport;
      if(i != 0xf0)//判斷有無鍵按下
      {
            delay(30);
            if(i != 0xf0)
            {
                     Delay10ms();
                     Delay10ms();
                     Delay10ms();
                     while(i != 0xf0)
                     {
                              Delay10ms();
                              i=0;
                              while(i<=3)//判斷何健按下
                              {
                                    Delay10ms();
                                    Delay10ms();
                                    Delay10ms();
                                    Delay10ms();
                                    keyport=a[ i];[ i]
                                    delay(10);
                                    x=keyport;
                                    if(x != a[ i])[ i]
                                    {
                                             y=x;
                                             return (y);
                                    }
                                    i++;
                                    x=0;
                              }
                     }
            }
      }
      return (0xff);
}
unsigned char keyzhi(void)
{
      switch(Readkey())
      {
            case 0xe7:n= 1  ;break;//11100111
            case 0xd7:n= 2  ;break;//11010111
            case 0xb7:n=3  ;break;//10110111
            case 0xeb:n= 4  ;break;
            case 0xdb:n= 5  ;break;
            case 0xbb:n= 6  ;break;
            case 0xed:n= 7  ;break;
            case 0xdd:n= 8  ;break;
            case 0xbd:n= 9  ;break;
            case 0x77:n=10  ;break;//0
            case 0x7b:n= 11;break;//確認
            case 0x7d:n= 12;break;//重啟
      case 0xff:return 0x11;break;
      }
      //return n;
      if(P3!=0XF0)
      {
            Delay10ms();
            Delay10ms();
            if(P3&0xf0==0XF0)
            {
            return n;
            }
      }
}
這里BUF1[],BUF2[],是電阻標稱，電阻位置，這個程序可以查找電阻的位置并顯示
附件里有protuse原理圖，c文件，hex文件，實物圖，親測有效

如有問題，歡迎評論指正

由于Proteus7.5版本里面沒有stc12的芯片所以我用的at89c51來代替的
Proteus7.5版本的仿真圖(DSN文件)和C語言代碼51hei附件下載：

按鍵掃描.zip (3.15 MB, 下載次數: 23)

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STC12C5A60S2單片機矩陣鍵盤—掃描法帶仿真原理圖C語言程序

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