|
功能:上位機(jī)發(fā)送一幀命令控制單片機(jī),一幀命令包括8個(gè)字節(jié),單片機(jī)接受命令后放在數(shù)組judge[8]中,0xFF,0xFE為幀頭,0xFD,0xFC為幀尾,中間的字節(jié)控制不同的命令。
出錯(cuò)點(diǎn)在于:用仿真軟件keil,虛擬串口VSD,串口調(diào)試助手進(jìn)行通訊的調(diào)試時(shí),可以得到正確的返回值,而且單片機(jī)控制的端口也會(huì)發(fā)生相應(yīng)的變化。但是一把程序燒在芯片里,用實(shí)物進(jìn)行串口通訊的測(cè)試時(shí),卻得不到相應(yīng)的返回值,而且單片機(jī)也不進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的動(dòng)作。
排除原因:通訊沒(méi)有焊接錯(cuò)誤,因?yàn)槲铱梢杂眠@個(gè)實(shí)物進(jìn)行軟件的燒錄,和單字節(jié)的串口通訊
程序如下:
#include<reg52.h>
sbit WEI=P2^7;
sbit DUAN=P2^6;
#define DataPort P0
unsigned char code dofly_DuanMa[]={0x3f,0x06,0x5b,0x4f,0x66,0x6d,0x7d,0x07,0x7f,0x6f,0x77,0x7c,0x39,0x5e,0x79,0x71,0x40};// 顯示段碼值0~9
unsigned char code dofly_WeiMa[]={0xfe,0xfd,0xfb,0xf7,0xef,0xdf,0xbf,0x7f};//分別對(duì)應(yīng)相應(yīng)的數(shù)碼管點(diǎn)亮,即位碼
unsigned char TempData[8]; //存儲(chǔ)顯示值的全局變量
sbit SPK1=P1^4;
void delay(int t)
{
while(t--);
}
sbit A1=P1^0; //定義步進(jìn)電機(jī)連接端口
sbit B1=P1^1;
sbit C1=P1^2;
sbit D1=P1^3;
#define Coil_AB1 {A1=1;B1=1;C1=0;D1=0;}//AB相通電,其他相斷電
#define Coil_BC1 {A1=0;B1=1;C1=1;D1=0;}//BC相通電,其他相斷電
#define Coil_CD1 {A1=0;B1=0;C1=1;D1=1;}//CD相通電,其他相斷電
#define Coil_DA1 {A1=1;B1=0;C1=0;D1=1;}//D相通電,其他相斷電
#define Coil_A1 {A1=1;B1=0;C1=0;D1=0;}//A相通電,其他相斷電
#define Coil_B1 {A1=0;B1=1;C1=0;D1=0;}//B相通電,其他相斷電
#define Coil_C1 {A1=0;B1=0;C1=1;D1=0;}//C相通電,其他相斷電
#define Coil_D1 {A1=0;B1=0;C1=0;D1=1;}//D相通電,其他相斷電
#define Coil_OFF {A1=0;B1=0;C1=0;D1=0;}//全部斷電
unsigned char Speed;
unsigned char dir=0;
unsigned char code rst[]={0xe4,0xc0,0xe0,0xc0,0xe0,0x32}; // 復(fù)位代碼
void Init_Timer0(void);
void DelayUs2x(unsigned char t)
{
while(--t);
}
void DelayMs(unsigned char t)
{
while(t--)
{
//大致延時(shí)1mS
DelayUs2x(245);
DelayUs2x(245);
}
}
void Display(unsigned char FirstBit,unsigned char Num)
{
static unsigned char i=0;
DataPort=0; //清空數(shù)據(jù),防止有交替重影
DUAN=1; //段鎖存
DUAN=0;
DataPort=dofly_WeiMa[i+FirstBit]; //取位碼
WEI=1; //位鎖存
WEI=0;
DataPort=TempData[i]; //取顯示數(shù)據(jù),段碼
DUAN=1; //段鎖存
DUAN=0;
i++;
if(i==Num)
i=0;
}
void Rorate()
{
unsigned int i=512;//旋轉(zhuǎn)一周時(shí)間
Init_Timer0();
EA=1; //全局中斷開(kāi)
EX0=1; //外部中斷0開(kāi)
IT0=1; //1表示邊沿觸發(fā)
//Speed=speed;
TempData[0]=dofly_DuanMa[Speed/10];//分解顯示信息,如要顯示68,
TempData[1]=dofly_DuanMa[Speed%10];//則68/10=6 68%10=8
Coil_OFF
while(i--&&dir==0) //正向
{
Coil_A1
DelayMs(Speed);
P3=0xeb;
P3=0xff;
Coil_AB1 //遇到Coil_AB1 用{A1=1;B1=1;C1=0;D1=0;}代替
DelayMs(Speed); //改變這個(gè)參數(shù)可以調(diào)整電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速 ,
P3=0xeb;
P3=0xff; //數(shù)字越小,轉(zhuǎn)速越大,力矩越小
Coil_B1
DelayMs(Speed);
P3=0xeb;
P3=0xff;
Coil_BC1
DelayMs(Speed);
P3=0xeb;
P3=0xff;
Coil_C1
DelayMs(Speed);
P3=0xeb;
P3=0xff;
Coil_CD1
DelayMs(Speed);
P3=0xeb;
P3=0xff;
Coil_D1
DelayMs(Speed);
P3=0xeb;
P3=0xff;
Coil_DA1
DelayMs(Speed);
P3=0xeb;
P3=0xff;
}
Coil_OFF
i=512;
while((i--)&&dir)//反向
{
Coil_A1
DelayMs(Speed);
P3=0xeb;
P3=0xff;
Coil_DA1 //遇到Coil_AB1 用{A1=1;B1=1;C1=0;D1=0;}代替
DelayMs(Speed); //改變這個(gè)參數(shù)可以調(diào)整電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速 ,
P3=0xeb;
P3=0xff; //數(shù)字越小,轉(zhuǎn)速越大,力矩越小
Coil_D1
DelayMs(Speed);
P3=0xeb;
P3=0xff;
Coil_CD1
DelayMs(Speed);
P3=0xeb;
P3=0xff;
Coil_C1
DelayMs(Speed);
P3=0xeb;
P3=0xff;
Coil_BC1
DelayMs(Speed);
P3=0xeb;
P3=0xff;
Coil_B1
DelayMs(Speed);
P3=0xeb;
P3=0xff;
Coil_AB1
DelayMs(Speed);
P3=0xeb;
P3=0xff;
}
}
/*------------------------------------------------
串口初始化
------------------------------------------------*/
void InitUART (void)
{
SCON = 0x50; // SCON: 模式 1, 8-bit UART, 使能接收
TMOD |= 0x20; // TMOD: timer 1, mode 2, 8-bit 重裝
TH1 = 0xFD; // TH1: 重裝值 9600 波特率 晶振 11.0592MHz
TR1 = 1; // TR1: timer 1 打開(kāi)
EA = 1; //打開(kāi)總中斷
ES = 1; //打開(kāi)串口中斷
}
/*------------------------------------------------
主函數(shù)
------------------------------------------------*/
unsigned int judge[8];
int cnt=0;
void main (void)
{
InitUART();
ES= 1;//打開(kāi)串口中斷
while (1)
{
if(judge[0]==0xFF&&judge[1]==0xFE&&judge[6]==0xFD&&judge[7]==0xFC)
{
//(*((void (*)())(rst)))(); // ,將rst數(shù)組當(dāng)函數(shù)調(diào)用,進(jìn)行復(fù)位
if(judge[2]==0x00)//指定步進(jìn)電機(jī)
{
P3=0xeb;
P3=0xff;
if(judge[5]!=0)
Rorate();
}
else if(judge[2]==0x01)//指定LED
{
unsigned int CYCLE=600,PWM_LOW=0;//定義周期并賦值
while (1) //主循環(huán)
{
WEI=0; //位鎖存置0電平,防止LED亮的時(shí)候數(shù)碼管亮
DUAN=0; //段鎖存置0電平,防止LED亮的時(shí)候數(shù)碼管亮
P0=0xFF;
delay(60000); //特意加延時(shí),可以看到熄滅的過(guò)程
for(PWM_LOW=1;PWM_LOW<CYCLE;PWM_LOW++){ //PWM_LOW表示低
//電平時(shí)間,這個(gè)循環(huán)中低電平時(shí)長(zhǎng)從1累加到CYCLE(周期)的值,即600次
P0=judge[3]; //點(diǎn)亮LED
delay(PWM_LOW);//延時(shí)長(zhǎng)度,600次循環(huán)中從1加至599
P0=0xFF; //熄滅LED
delay(CYCLE-PWM_LOW);//延時(shí)長(zhǎng)度,600次循環(huán)中從599減至1
}
P0=judge[3];
for(PWM_LOW=CYCLE-1;PWM_LOW>0;PWM_LOW--){ //與逐漸變亮相反的過(guò)程
P0=judge[3];
delay(PWM_LOW);
P0=0xFF;
delay(CYCLE-PWM_LOW);
}
}
}
else if(judge[2]==0x02)
{
while(1)
{
DelayMs(1); //發(fā)出大約500Hz的方波 頻率越大聲音越尖
SPK1=!SPK1;
}
}
}
}
}
/*------------------------------------------------
串口中斷程序
------------------------------------------------*/
void UART_SER (void) interrupt 4 //串行中斷服務(wù)程序
{
unsigned char Temp; //定義臨時(shí)變量
if(RI) //判斷是接收中斷產(chǎn)生
{
RI=0; //標(biāo)志位清零
Temp=SBUF; //讀入緩沖區(qū)的值
judge[cnt++]=Temp;
if(cnt==8||judge[0]!=0xFF)
cnt=0;
SBUF=Temp; //把接收到的值再發(fā)回電腦端
}
if(TI) //如果是發(fā)送標(biāo)志位,清零
TI=0;
}
/*------------------------------------------------
定時(shí)器初始化子程序
------------------------------------------------*/
void Init_Timer0(void)
{
TMOD |= 0x01; //使用模式1,16位定時(shí)器,使用"|"符號(hào)可以在使用多個(gè)定時(shí)器時(shí)不受影響
//TH0=0x00; //給定初值
//TL0=0x00;
EA=1; //總中斷打開(kāi)
ET0=1; //定時(shí)器中斷打開(kāi)
TR0=1; //定時(shí)器開(kāi)關(guān)打開(kāi)
PT0=1; //優(yōu)先級(jí)打開(kāi)
}
/*------------------------------------------------
定時(shí)器中斷子程序
------------------------------------------------*/
void Timer0_isr(void) interrupt 1
{
TH0=(65536-2000)/256; //重新賦值 2ms
TL0=(65536-2000)%256;
Display(0,8);
}
//外部中斷程序
void ISR_INT0(void) interrupt 0
{
Speed=judge[4];
dir=judge[3];
TempData[0]=dofly_DuanMa[Speed/10];//分解顯示信息,如要顯示68,
TempData[1]=dofly_DuanMa[Speed%10];//則68/10=6 68%10=8
}
|
|